Potential control of weedy spurges by the rust Uromyces scutellatus
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TLDR
The collection of U. alpestris studied (E-52) could be a promising candidate for mycocontrol of cypress spurge because of its pathogenicity and specificity.Abstract:
In a location with cypress spurge (Eupborbia cyparissias L. #3 EPHCY) and naturally occurring Uromyces scutellatus (Pers.) Lev. s.str., the percent of shoots deformed by this systemic rust increased from 6% in 1981 to 48% in 1982, followed by a decrease in both deformed and normal shoots in 1983 and 1984. After inoculation in 1981 of two cypress spurge crowns at a location near Zurich by teliospores of Uromyces alpestris Tranzsch., more than 80% deformed shoots were obtained in 1983 and 1984. Inoculations of cypress spurge root segnents by U. scutellatus s.str. or U. alpestris in experimental plots in 1982 gave 50 to 100% infected plants, and in most cases more than 50% deformed shoots in 1984. The collection of U. alpestris studied (E-52) could be a promising candidate for mycocontrol of cypress spurge because of its pathogenicity and specificity. Additional index words. Weed mycocontrol, rust fungi, Uromyces alpestris, EPHCY.read more
Figures
Table 2. Infection experiments with E-52 and cypress spurges grown in pots started on December 10, 1982. 
Figure 3. Damage to cypress spurge 5.4.12, by Uromyces scutellatus s.str. (E45) and U. alpestris (E-52) in experimental trials. Initials A, B, and C root segments were inoculated on August 30, November 8, and November 8, respectively, and grown directly in the soil, whereas D root segments were inoculated on December 10 and grown in pots. Columns with different letters are significantly different at the 1% level. Letters a, b, and c refer to percent deformed shoots of diseased plants; a1, b1, and c1, to percent deformed shoots of total shoot number. 
Table 1. Infection experiments with E-45, E-52, and cypress spurges grown directly in soil. 
Figure 2. Percent normal and deformed shoots and total number of shoots each May of a natural population of cypress spurge after artificial inoculation with Uromyces alpestris (E-52) teliospores on November 24, 1981.
Citations
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The distribution of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and other weedy Euphorbia spp. in the United States
TL;DR: The infestations of leafy spurge and other weeds of economic importance in the Euphorbiaceae are out of control in some states, and biological control is mentioned as a possible solution to the problem.
Journal ArticleDOI
Utilization of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula) by Sheep
TL;DR: Results from these studies indicate that leafy spurge may be classified as a forage for sheep and Sheep will consume a significant amount of vegetation while suffering neither harmful internal effects nor a significant loss of body weight.
The taxonomy of North American leafy spurge
TL;DR: Leafy spurge comprises some 78 Eurasian taxa including 15 hybrids, and the six commonest species, and those whose hybrids are well-documented, are Euphorbia agraria, E. cypatissias, E., esula, lucida, salicifolia and Waldsteinii.
Journal ArticleDOI