A paper machine having an endless foraminous element for 
engagement with a fibrous web during formation of the web 
into paper, said element having bonded thereto with 
flexible bonds, spaced flexible components each 
representing a surface configuration adapted to generate a 
watermark in said paper as a result of the engagement of 
said foraminous element with said web.

Process of watermarking paper and adjunct therefor

Improvements in apparatus for forming watermarks in paper

A vat paper machine is disclosed, said machine including a cylinder-vat unit having a rotatable cylinder mold, a vat and a headbox for providing a continuous supply of stock to the vat The vat is arranged upstream of the cylinder mold in such a manner that the wire-covered cylinder mold is brought into contact with stock in the vat to form a first web by draining water from the stock through the wire-covered surface of the mold An outer wire is also provided which runs in a loop over a breast roll, through the vat along its bottom wall and then over and around a portion of the circumference of the cylinder mold The portion of the bottom wall of the vat which is located between the breast roll and the cylinder mold includes a platform supporting the outer wire The platform is provided with slit means that form one or more drainage passages which serve to form a second web on the outer wire The slit means is arranged at a predetermined distance from a nip located downstream and defined by the outer wire and the cylinder mold so as to avoid detrimental stock flows at the nip which retard formation of the web The second web is couched with the first web to form a unitary paper web

Process of watermarking paper and adjunct therefor

Citations

Improvements in apparatus for forming watermarks in paper

Vat paper machine

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