Journal ArticleDOI
Sources of variation in moral judgment: Toward a model of real-life morality
Gillian R. Wark,Dennis L. Krebs +1 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors investigated the relation of sex and type of moral dilemma to moral stage and moral orientation, and found that the content of moral judgments was related to their structure.Abstract:
To evaluate the extent to which the models of moral judgment advanced by Kohlberg (1984) and by Gilligan (1982, 1988) are able to account for real-life moral judgment, we investigated the relation of sex and type of moral dilemma to moral stage and moral orientation. Eighty young adult men and women made moral judgments about two hypothetical Kohlberg dilemmas, two real-life antisocial dilemmas, and two real-life prosocial dilemmas. We failed to find any sex differences in moral judgment. Moral stage and moral orientation varied across the three types of dilemma. Kohlberg's dilemmas pulled for justice-oriented Stage 4 moral judgments, real-life prosocial dilemmas pulled for care-oriented Stage 3 moral judgments, and real-life antisocial dilemmas pulled for justice-oriented Stage 2 moral judgments. The content of moral judgments was related to their structure. There was a positive relation between stage of moral judgment on Kohlberg dilemmas and on real-life dilemmas. The implications of these findings for a new, more interactional, model of real-life moral judgment are discussed.read more
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Toward a more pragmatic approach to morality: a critical evaluation of Kohlberg's model.
Dennis L. Krebs,Kathy Denton +1 more
TL;DR: The authors outline in 11 propositions a framework for a new approach that is more attentive to the purposes that people use morality to achieve, and introduce a more pragmatic approach.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influences of sex and gender-role identity on moral cognition and prosocial personality traits.
Eva E. A. Skoe,Eva E. A. Skoe,Amanda Cumberland,Nancy Eisenberg,Kristine L. Hansen,Judi Perry +5 more
TL;DR: The relations of sex and gender-role identity to moral thought and prosocial personality traits were examined in this paper, where two hundred and nine men and women rated the importance of real-life, care related, justice related, and mixed (both care- and justice-related) moral dilemmas.
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Does care reasoning make a difference? Relations between care, justice and dispositional empathy
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated relationships between care and justice reasoning, dispositional empathy variables and meta-ethical thinking among 128 students from a university of applied sciences, and found that levels of care reasoning were positively related to the post-conventional schema and negatively related to personal interest schema in justice reasoning.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Forms and Functions of Real‐life Moral Decision‐making
TL;DR: The authors argue that a functional model of moral judgement and moral behaviour derived from evolutionary theory may supply a better account of real-life morality than the Kohlbergian model, which often involves resolving hypothetical moral dilemmas like those on Kohlblberg's test, more often involve promoting good social relations, upholding favorable self-concepts and justifying self-interested behaviour.
References
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Book
Handbook of Child Psychology
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the importance of biology for human development and the role of the human brain in the development of human cognition and behavior, and propose a model of human development based on the Bioecological Model of Human Development.
Book
The measurement of moral judgment
TL;DR: This long-awaited two-volume set constitutes the definitive presentation of the system of classifying moral judgement built up by Lawrence Kohlberg and his associates over a period of twenty years and is an indispensable resource for researchers in child development and education around the world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two Perspectives: On Self, Relationships, and Morality.
TL;DR: In this paper, Nona Plessner Lyons offers interview data from female and male children, adolescents, and adults in support of the assertions of Carol Gilligan (HER, 1977) that there are two distinct modes of describing the self in relation to others, as well as two kinds of considerations used by individuals in making moral decisions.