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Patent

Supply cct. for incandescent lamps in battery-driven vehicle - has astable multivibrator reducing supply to power low-rated lamps

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TLDR
In this paper, the authors used a multivibrator as voltage divider to avoid providing the battery with a tapping in case of short-circuit in incandescent lamps.
Abstract
The supply circuit for incandescent lamps in a battery-driven vehicles has the lamp (13) supplied from an astable multivibrator (10) whose duty cycle is determined by the lamp rated voltage and the supply voltage, the latter being generally greater than the lamp rated voltage. The multivibrator consists of two complementary transistors (20, 21), whose one collector is coupled over a capacitor (27) to the other transistor base. A protection circuit (14) is connected across the lamp and blocks the astable multivibrator transistors in case of a short circuit. Using a multivibrator as voltage divider avoids providing the battery with a tapping.

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Circuit arrangement for voltage control

TL;DR: In this article, an integrated controller (IC) with minimised power loss through the use of an external resistor (Rext or Rint) which is connected in parallel with the power transistor (T1) is presented.
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