Open AccessJournal Article
The Antigenic Property of the Pfeiffer Bacillus As Related to Its Value in the Prophylaxis of Epidemic Influenza
TLDR
From the observations herein reported for the series of vaccinations, there is every indication that the influenza protein employed gives rise to the production of protective substances and therefore justifies its use in the prophylaxis of epidemic influenza.Citations
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Efficacy of Whole-Cell Killed Bacterial Vaccines in Preventing Pneumonia and Death during the 1918 Influenza Pandemic
TL;DR: Despite significant methodological problems, the systematic biases in these studies do not exclude the possibilities that whole-cell inactivated pneumococcal vaccines may confer cross-protection to multiple pneumococCal serotypes and that bacterial vaccines may play a role in preventing influenza-associated pneumonia.
Journal ArticleDOI
The state of science, microbiology, and vaccines circa 1918.
TL;DR: The result of the vaccine controversy was both a further waning of confidence in Pfeiffer's bacillus as the agent of influenza and the emergence of an early set of criteria for valid vaccine trials.
Book ChapterDOI
Haemophilus influenzae and its pathogenicity.
TL;DR: The puzzle set by Pfeiffer’s claim that the haemophilic Gram negative cocco-bacillus found by him in great numbers in the sputum of patients suffering from epidemic influenza and its after effects is the causative agent of that infection is investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Haemophilus influenzae: immunology and immunoprotection*
Morris Solotorovsky,Melvyn Lynn +1 more
Journal ArticleDOI
The fog of research: influenza vaccine trials during the 1918-19 pandemic.
TL;DR: Bacterial vaccines of various sorts were widely used for both preventive and therapeutic purposes during the great influenza pandemic of 1918–19, and it became clear that the medical profession had no consensus on what constituted a proper vaccine trial.