Although concepts of space and time are socially constructed, they operate with the full force of objective fact and play a key role in processes of social reproduction. Conceptions of space and time are inevitably, therefore, contested as part and parcel of processes of social change, no matter whether that change is superimposed from without (as in imperialist domination) or generated from within (as in the conflict between environmentalist and economic standards of decision making). A study of the historical geography of concepts of space and time suggests that the roots of the social construction of these concepts lie in the mode of production and its characteristic social relations. In particular, the revolutionary qualities of a capitalistic mode of production, marked by strong currents of technological change and rapid economic growth and development, have been associated with powerful revolutions in the social conceptions of space and time. The implications of these revolutions, implying ...

Time, Work, and Culture in the Middle Ages

Between Space and Time: Reflections on the Geographical Imagination1

This article examines the ways in which understand- ings of uncertainty have evolved during the development of modern- ity, and in particular, how they are expressed in the notion of 'risk'. It demonstrates how this concept is embedded in socio-economic contexts and grounded in particular temporal orientations, specifi- cally as expressed in notions of determinism and indeterminism. It suggests that, although the concept of risk initially embodied an ori- entation to the future as something that was predictable and open to human intervention, transformations in the structure of capitalism mean that its utility is now to be found in its role as a guide for action in late modern societies, in which the future has 'collapsed' into an indeterminate present. KEY WORDSdeterminismindeterminism • modernityrisktemporality

Uncertain times: the notion of 'risk' and the development of modernity

The spread of clock and calendar time (CCT) from the North Atlantic region to the rest of the world is an understudied phe- nomenon. The second part of this article, based on anthropological fieldwork, examines the successful localization of CCT in a semi- rural area of Sarawak, in Malaysian Borneo. Before that, the article critically assesses some of the main anthropological studies of time to date, highlighting their inattention to CCT and suggesting that CCT is a subject full of interdisciplinary promise. KEY WORDS • Borneoclock and calendar time (CCT) • IbanMalaysiamedia

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Clock and Calendar Time: A missing anthropological problem

Urban Multiculturalism and Globalization in New York City: An Analysis of Diasporic Temporalities

ionists have ceded ground. The most doctrinaire of Marxists have given way to a legion of political economists more willing and analytically better equipped to cope with the seemingly irreducible particularity of socio­ cultural conventions and their processual consequences. The most doctrinaire of functionalists and structuralists have given way to a legion of "praxologists" more willing and analytically better equipped to cope with the seemingly irreversible temporality of strategies and their processual repercussions. An ever greater number of fieldworkers have abandoned the conceit of insularity and synchronicity. The present is no longer the anthropological writer's stan­ dard tense. Evolution is no longer an anthropological byword, even outside the sociocultural field. Human evolution has become one thing, human history quite another. The champions of history and memory have enjoyed a recent anthropological vogue: for example, Vico (cf 54) and Maurice Halbwachs (cf 27). Many of the primitives and the traditionals upon whom anthropologists 0084-6570/93/1015-0035$05.00 35

Time, Work, and Culture in the Middle Ages

Citations

Between Space and Time: Reflections on the Geographical Imagination1

Uncertain times: the notion of 'risk' and the development of modernity

Clock and Calendar Time: A missing anthropological problem

Urban Multiculturalism and Globalization in New York City: An Analysis of Diasporic Temporalities

History in anthropology

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