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Weld fill height regulating system for arc welding apparatus

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TLDR
In this paper, means for maintaining a uniform height of deposited weld material in an electrical arc welding apparatus of the kind having a welding head driven by a travel motor along a juncture between two workpieces which are to be joined.
Abstract
Means are provided for maintaining a uniform height of deposited weld material in an electrical arc welding apparatus of the kind having a welding head driven by a travel motor along a juncture between two workpieces which are to be joined. A first signal, indicating departure from a desired fill depth, is produced by sensing variation of the welding current from a predetermined normal magnitude. The first signal is applied to summing junction together with a predetermined selectable reference signal of opposite polarity so that the two signals cancel out as long as the desired weld fill height is being maintained. Upon a departure from the desired weld fill height an output signal from the summing junction activates a servomotor which adjusts the speed of the travel motor as necessary to maintain the uniform weld depth. Means are further provided for assuring continuance of the welding head movement in the event that the melt should be lost because of proximity to an edge of the workpiece or because of an opening therein.

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Method and apparatus for controlling laser welding

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for laser welding which utilizes the power reflected by the surface being welded to control the power input to the weld. A beam of laser light is projected on the surface to be welded and the power of the light reflected by the surface is measured by a wattmeter placed in the path of the reflected beam. The output from the wattmeter is used to control the laser power per unit area projected on the weld. In one embodiment the wattmeter output is used to control the speed of the skate motor which moves the surface being welded. In another embodiment, the wattmeter output is used to control the output of the laser.
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References
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Welding control arrangement

TL;DR: An apparatus for controlling the application of weld metal in electric calarc welding includes a mechanical scanning device upstream from the welding torch as mentioned in this paper, which penetrates into the welding groove and measures at least one physical dimension thereof which is converted into signals for controlling welding material feed.