How can belief bias manifest in treating an addict patient?5 answersBelief bias can manifest in treating an addict patient through stigma, which affects the provision of evidence-based clinical treatments and leads to criminalization and denial of effective care. This bias can also influence the attitudes of health professionals, hindering the health and welfare of chemically dependent individuals by emphasizing abstinence as the sole treatment goal, potentially harming those unable to achieve a drug-free state. Additionally, cognitive bias modification studies in addiction highlight the importance of addressing biases in clinical samples to improve treatment outcomes, especially in modifying approach and attention biases. Furthermore, unconscious biases, such as attentional and approach biases, contribute to lapses and relapses in individuals with addictive disorders, emphasizing the need for bias modification interventions and technological applications in addressing these biases.
How does smoking addiction impact the students?5 answersSmoking addiction significantly impacts students in various ways. Research indicates that smoking negatively affects academic performance, leading to lower GPAs, increased absenteeism, and more academic warnings. Additionally, smoking is associated with reduced physical activity levels, emotional disturbances like depression and anger, and decreased cardiopulmonary endurance. Moreover, exposure to smoking habits at a young age can lead adolescents to drug addiction, truancy, and low academic achievement, emphasizing the importance of family role models in preventing such behaviors. Overall, smoking addiction not only harms physical health but also detrimentally influences academic success, emotional well-being, and overall lifestyle choices among students.
What are some different attitudes towards pornography?4 answersAttitudes towards pornography vary among different groups. Women tend to have more negative attitudes towards pornography compared to men, and watching anti-pornography documentaries can lead to greater attitude and belief changes in women. Conservative moral traditionalism and feminism are two dissimilar strains of anti-pornography sentiment. Religious traditionalists, political conservatives, and persons with restrictive attitudes toward sexuality also tend to have more condemning attitudes towards pornography. On the other hand, some individuals view pornography as a means of sexual enhancement, while others see it as a moral issue or are influenced by the social climate. These different attitudes can be influenced by demographic factors such as age, gender, and level of education. Overall, attitudes towards pornography are complex and can be shaped by various factors including gender, ideology, and personal beliefs.
What self-report measures look at attitudes towards smoking?4 answersSelf-report measures that look at attitudes towards smoking include the "Attitudes Towards Smoking Scale" (ATS-18) developed by Etter et al.. This scale consists of three subscales that measure perceptions of adverse effects of smoking, psychoactive benefits, and pleasure of smoking. Another study by Dawley et al. found a relationship between attitudes towards smoking and the number of cigarettes smoked, particularly in relation to smoking as a health risk. Additionally, self-report measures can be used to assess attitudes towards smoking in specific populations, such as university students, as demonstrated by Felimban's study. These measures are important in understanding individuals' beliefs and perceptions about smoking, which can inform tobacco control policies and interventions.
What is the level of acceptance in smoking cessation?5 answersBrief supportive telephone counseling is a promising adjunct to self-help smoking cessation programs, with 86% of smokers accepting at least one counselor call and 66% accepting all three calls. Smokers' perceptions, motivations, and intentions towards using an SMS-assisted smoking cessation intervention were assessed in Australia, France, and Mexico, with perceived usefulness and vicarious innovativeness predicting use intentions. A pilot study comparing two treatments for smoking cessation found that a smoking-focused version of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) had better long-term smoking outcomes at 1-year follow-up, with improvements in acceptance-related skills mediating the outcomes. It is recommended that all smoking patients willing to receive a prescription should be automatically scheduled for follow-up to monitor their use and response to pharmacotherapy. Acceptance and commitment-based counseling was found to be effective in smoking cessation and improving quality of life in the Turkish population.
What is the Perception of the community smoking/vaping?2 answersThe perception of the community towards smoking and vaping varies among different populations. Canadian young adults who identify as 2SLGBTQI+ perceive higher social acceptability of vaping compared to smoking, with coping and social connections playing a role in this perception. In Oklahoma, American Indian adults who smoke have low perceptions of smoking and vaping helping with weight control, with ever users more likely to perceive these effects. Young dual users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarettes view vaping as a tool for harm reduction and smoking cessation, raising concerns about restrictive policies that limit access to less harmful tobacco products. Among high school students in Minnesota, social norms related to perceptions of vaping frequency and approval influence e-cigarette use. Some e-cigarette users continue vaping due to perceived reduced harm, lack of offensive smell, and greater range of settings, while opinions on banning vaping in public are divided.