scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question

Answers from top 4 papers

More filters
Papers (4)Insight
This report confirms that in areas with a high HIV and tuberculosis prevalence, a high proportion of VCT clients have active pulmonary tuberculosis.
The active screening by chest X-ray of an immigrant population with a high prevalence of tuberculosis allows the early detection and treatment of tuberculosis.
In India around 32% of tuberculosis deaths can be attributable to bidi smoking.
Nonrespiratory extrapulmonary tuberculosis is less likely than pulmonary tuberculosis to be a result of recent infection.

Related Questions

What are some non-pharmaceutical management strategies for treating tuberculosis?5 answersNon-pharmaceutical management strategies for treating tuberculosis include preventive measures like vaccination, addressing social issues such as overcrowding and malnutrition, and managing the infection and its complications without medication. Nutritional supplementation plays a crucial role in compensating for the effects of TB on metabolism, improving immune system activity, enhancing treatment adherence, and reducing drug toxicity. Additionally, a concerted effort involving various medical disciplines, societal sectors, and governmental levels is essential for effective TB management. Furthermore, utilizing resources and technologies like positron emission tomography integrated with computed tomography can help address challenges in TB management, especially in cases of drug-resistant TB and non-adherence to treatment regimens.
Do non-smokers vs smokers have different risks of developing certain diseases?5 answersNon-smokers and smokers do not have significantly different risks of developing certain diseases, except for chronic lung disease which is higher among smokers compared to smokeless tobacco users. Risk perception of young smokers compared to non-smokers is distorted, as smokers tend to postpone the onset of smoking-related conditions. Cardiovascular risk factors such as triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low and high density lipoprotein do not differ significantly between smokers and non-smokers. Smoking is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary infections and acute respiratory failure. Smoking has a significant impact on disease development, outcome, and therapeutic success, increasing the severity of asthma symptoms and the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis.
Can I drink alcohol before tuberculosis test?6 answers
Can I drink cold drink in tuberculosis?1 answers
Does tuberculosis test detect smoking?10 answers
How to cure tuberculosis without medicine?8 answers

See what other people are reading

What are the best surgical techniques for pterygium excision?
4 answers
The best surgical techniques for pterygium excision include conjunctival-limbal auto-grafting without sutures or glue, dual flap technique, conjunctival autograft, and the use of human amniotic membrane-derived dry matrix. Studies have shown that these techniques result in low recurrence rates and fewer complications. Conjunctival autograft (CAU) has been found to be more effective than amniotic membrane grafting (AMG) for recurrent pterygium excision, with CAU showing lower recurrence rates compared to AMG, both with and without mitomycin-C (MMC) adjuvant. Overall, these surgical methods offer safe, effective, and economical options for managing both primary and recurrent pterygium, with varying recurrence rates and postoperative outcomes based on the specific technique used.
How is smoking a factor associated with stroke?
5 answers
Smoking is a significant factor associated with stroke, especially in young individuals. Research indicates that smoking is positively linked to intracranial artery dissection (ICAD) in young patients, even after propensity score matching. Furthermore, smoking is recognized as a modifiable risk factor for stroke, with the risk being proportional to the amount of tobacco consumed. Studies have shown that smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, ultimately leading to stroke, with specific tendencies observed in stroke patients who smoke, such as the type of stroke and comorbidities. Additionally, smoking, especially at higher intensities, significantly raises the risk of different stroke subtypes, including intracerebral hemorrhages, cerebral infarctions, and subarachnoid hemorrhages, in both men and women. Moreover, the use of combustible cigarettes and electronic cigarettes has been associated with an increased risk of stroke, particularly when used in combination.
What primers can be used to detect antimicrobial resistance of enterobacteriaceae through PCR?
5 answers
Primers for detecting antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae through PCR include those targeting various β-lactamase genes like class A, C, and D β-lactamases, as well as genes such as blaNDM-1, mcr-1, and tet(X4). Additionally, primers for detecting specific resistance genes like ctx-m-15, aadA1, and qnrS1 have been designed for Enterobacteriaceae pathogens. Furthermore, primers for carbapenemase genes such as blaKPC, blaIMP, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaOXA-48-like, and blaGES have been developed for efficient screening of carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae, showing 100% sensitivity and specificity. These primers enable rapid and accurate detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae, aiding in the identification and management of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
How does the presence of silver (Argentum) affect the growth and activity of microorganisms?
5 answers
The presence of silver, particularly in the form of silver nanoparticles or colloidal silver solutions, has been shown to significantly impact the growth and activity of various microorganisms. Silver nanoparticles synthesized by microorganisms like Fusarium oxysporum exhibit antimicrobial properties, affecting enzymatic activity and inhibiting the growth of soil-borne fungi and bacteria. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy of colloidal silver solutions in killing ocular microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, with a notable reduction in microbial load and biofilm destruction. Furthermore, AGXX®, a silver-containing antimicrobial, generates reactive oxygen species that damage microbial cells, enhancing the activity of conventional antibiotics like aminoglycosides against pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa by increasing membrane permeability and antibiotic influx.
What aspects of innovation have been worked on in the last-mile space in recent years?
4 answers
Recent innovations in last-mile delivery solutions have focused on various aspects to address the challenges posed by traditional methods. These innovations include the use of drones, automated guided vehicles (AGVs), robots, smart parcel stations, and crowdsourcing as alternatives to conventional truck-based home delivery. Additionally, there is a shift towards more sustainable practices, such as new crowdsourcing-based models, non-road and autonomous vehicles, and optimization systems utilizing data analytics and cloud technology. Factors influencing customer adoption of last-mile logistics innovations have also been explored, emphasizing the importance of understanding customer preferences and behaviors in shaping delivery methods. Furthermore, the concept of "Locker Alliance" has been introduced to enhance the efficiency of last-mile parcel delivery operations, focusing on network density and coverage to promote locker pickup adoption in urban areas.
Which nematodes are capable of regulating bacterial populations in soil?
5 answers
Nematodes such as Acrobeloides buetschlii and Meloidogyne species, including Meloidogyne javanica, have been identified as capable of regulating bacterial populations in soil. Acrobeloides buetschlii interacts with various bacterial diets, affecting bacterial biomass in soil. On the other hand, Meloidogyne species, particularly Meloidogyne javanica, interact with the Pasteuria penetrans bacterium, influencing the spatial distributions of nematode populations and bacterial populations in soil. These interactions play a crucial role in shaping soil microbial communities and dynamics, highlighting the significant impact nematodes can have on bacterial populations in soil ecosystems.
How to develop a model for algal growth and lipid production?
5 answers
To develop a comprehensive model for algal growth and lipid production, various factors need to be considered. These include the effects of substrate concentrations (glucose, nitrogen), light intensity, and carbon dioxide levels on biomass and lipid production. Additionally, optimizing light conditions, such as cycling high-intensity lights to determine the best Dark:Light ratios, can enhance aerial biomass productivities. Furthermore, life cycle modeling can aid in predicting market trends and technological advancements in microalgal lipid innovations, providing valuable insights for decision-making and investment strategies. Understanding how light and nitrogen dynamics regulate cellular processes in microalgae is crucial for modeling transient changes in neutral lipid production. By integrating these insights, a robust model can be developed to predict and optimize algal growth and lipid production for sustainable biofuel and high-value product applications.
•What question or problem is the author addressing?
4 answers
The authors in the provided contexts address various questions and problems related to different medical topics. These include issues such as the ethical implications of bypassing professional visits for colorectal cancer screening and breast cancer screening marketing strategies, the challenges and considerations in epidemiological analyses of venous thromboembolism risks associated with different oral contraceptives, the complexities of blood-breath alcohol ratio measurements and the need for a new paradigm to explain anomalies in traditional models, the impact of glucocorticosteroids and combined oral contraceptives on testosterone levels and sexual well-being in women, and the evaluation of surgical techniques for acromioclavicular joint separations, highlighting the importance of individualized approaches and potential complications. Each context delves into specific issues within their respective medical fields, providing insights and addressing critical questions and challenges.
Factors influencing nanoparticles Toxicity??
5 answers
Nanoparticles' toxicity is influenced by various factors. The size, shape, surface area, and surface chemistry of nanoparticles play crucial roles in determining their toxic effects on biological systems. Additionally, the type of nanoparticles and exposure pathways are key determinants of nanoparticle accumulation and subsequent toxicity, with different nanoparticles exhibiting varying levels of toxicity based on their elemental composition. Factors such as the generation of reactive oxygen species, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and inflammation are common mechanisms through which nanoparticles induce toxicity in cells and organisms. Understanding these factors is essential for assessing and mitigating the potential health risks associated with nanoparticle exposure in various applications.
What are the challenges to be considered in nitrogen based biofertilizers?
5 answers
Challenges in nitrogen-based biofertilizers include contamination risks like heavy metals and pathogens, hindrances in social acceptance due to transportation and production costs, nutrient concentration issues, crop compatibility, and policy framework challenges. Additionally, the global demand for nitrogen biofertilizers is driven by the need to bridge the nutrient supply gap for sustainable crop production. Furthermore, the transition towards sustainable agriculture emphasizes the importance of effectively recovering and upgrading used nitrogen from secondary resources to meet fertilizer demands. Despite advancements in bioprocessing technologies to produce biological ammonia, there are still research gaps that need attention for bio-ammonia to become industrially viable.
What are the key factors that influence the choice of multivariate GARCH models for asset allocation in financial markets?
5 answers
The choice of multivariate GARCH models for asset allocation in financial markets is influenced by several key factors. These factors include the sample window period, forecasting horizon, financial period, and the underlying distribution of log returns. Additionally, the performance of GARCH models is impacted by the complexity of model structures and estimation procedures, which can be streamlined without compromising predictive performance. Furthermore, the selection of the appropriate GARCH model is crucial, as different models exhibit varying performance in capturing volatility interactions between assets, such as global crude oil prices and stock market indices. Finally, reducing the number of parameters in large multivariate GARCH models is essential to cope with the 'curse of dimensionality,' with recent developments focusing on rotated multivariate GARCH models for effective parameter reduction.