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Do water resources have curse potential?

Resource dependence theory

Political freedom

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Water resources, particularly in the context of large hydroelectric projects, have been suggested to possess curse potential similar to that observed in resource-rich countries. Studies indicate that the resource curse phenomenon, typically associated with oil and hard minerals, may also apply to water-abundant states with the capacity for significant hydroelectric developments . Furthermore, the negative influence of natural resource dependence on institutional quality, such as government effectiveness and competition levels, has been observed in countries heavily reliant on mineral fuel exports . This suggests that water resources, when mismanaged or exploited under unfavorable agreements, can lead to adverse social, economic, and ecological impacts, potentially hindering a nation's development and exacerbating existing challenges.

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Open access•Posted Content Are Natural Resources Cursed? An Investigation of the Dynamic Effects of Resource Dependence on Institutional Quality Donato De Rosa, Mariana Iootty - Show less +1 more 01 Jul 2012-Social Science Research Network 7 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access Are resources a curse? : rentierism and energy policy in post-Soviet states Andrea Gawrich, Anja Franke, Jana Windwehr - Show less +2 more 01 Jan 2011 5 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI International Political Economy and Renewable Energy: Hydroelectric Power and the Resource Curse Kathleen J. Hancock, Benjamin K. Sovacool - Show less +1 more 01 Dec 2018-International Studies Review 9 Citations	Water resources, particularly through hydroelectric projects, can exhibit characteristics of the resource curse, with potential negative impacts on economic growth, inequality, democracy, and conflicts in some states.
Book•DOI Are natural resources cursed ? an investigation of the dynamic effects of resource dependence on institutional quality Donato De Rosa, Mariana Iootty De Paiva Dias - Show less +1 more 01 Jul 2012-Research Papers in Economics 30 Citations	Not addressed in the paper.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Nepal’s Water Resources: Blessing or Curse ? Rabindra Bahadur Shrestha 26 Jul 2016-Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 1 Citations	Yes, Nepal's water resources are seen as a potential curse due to biased agreements with India, leading to adverse social, ecological impacts, and hindering economic growth and development.

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What are the specific water resources that are most commonly damaged by wars?5 answersWater resources that are commonly damaged by wars include surface and groundwater sources, water installations, water supply systems, and dams at reservoirs. These conflicts can lead to a reduction in water supply coverage, affecting both rural and urban populations. The damage to water infrastructure can result in a shortage of drinking water supply, exposing people to water-related risks such as disease and food insecurity. The impacts of armed conflicts on water resources also extend to water quality and quantity, limiting access for the civilian population. Water infrastructure such as public water networks and electricity grids may become unstable or non-functional, leading to a shift towards decentralized systems and the use of renewable energy sources. The destruction of water installations and the disruption of water systems have significant and long-term impacts on a country's water management and the availability of freshwater resources.

What are the impacts of sand winning on water resources?5 answersSand mining, including mining of riverine aggregates, can have negative impacts on water resources. The physical impacts of sand mining include channel incision, habitat disturbance, alteration of riparian zones, and changes to downstream sediment transport. These impacts can affect the structure and processes of ecosystems, including macroinvertebrate drift, fish movements, species abundance and community structures, and food web dynamics. Sand and rock mining in coastal plain areas can also impact local groundwater levels, leading to decreased levels in up-gradient areas and increased levels in down-gradient areas. Additionally, sand mining can contribute to water waste, damage equipment, and increase friction loss in pipes. The adverse impacts of sand and gravel mining on small rivers are particularly significant, threatening the existence of river ecosystems. Overall, sand mining can have detrimental effects on water resources, ecosystems, and infrastructure.

How does resource curse influence prospects of economic development and risk of conflict?5 answersThe resource curse, or blessing, and its impact on economic development and conflict risk depend on market conditions, production technology, and agents' preferences. When resource prices are exogenous, an increase in resource rent value leads to increased conflict. However, when resource prices are endogenously determined or if markets do not exist, the relationship between conflict intensity and resource abundance depends on production technology or agents' preferences. Conflict can increase when the contestable resource becomes scarcer. Additionally, the resource curse effect is often caused by the "Dutch disease," where overreliance on the oil industry, unreasonable industrial structure, excessive oil resource exports, and production factor "extrusion effect" hinder technological innovation and balanced development of other industries. On the other hand, natural resource rents, domestic investment, financial risk index improvements, and patents positively contribute to economic development. The resource curse hypothesis exists, as natural resources have a negative impact on financial development, but transportation infrastructure and economic growth play a positive role in enhancing financial development.

What is the definition of water potential?3 answersWater potential is the energy required to move water between different compartments of a closed system. In plants, water flows passively from areas of higher water potential to areas of lower water potential. It is influenced by factors such as soil and plant characteristics, solute concentration, and atmospheric conditions. Water potential is a fundamental measure of water in plants and soils, and it directly affects plant physiological responses. Understanding the relationship between water potential and water content at different scales is important for studying water movement in ecosystems. The concept of water potential has its roots in thermodynamic theory and is based on the equilibrium between the liquid and vapor phases of soil water. Advances in measurement methods have provided new insights into the relative influences of different components of water potential on water flow and exchanges with plants and the atmosphere.

What are the main ways in which war impacts water resources?5 answersWar impacts water resources in several ways. Firstly, war can lead to the destruction of water infrastructure, such as water towers and wells, which disrupts the availability of clean drinking water. Secondly, population displacement caused by war can result in the loss of access to water sources and the disruption of water management systems. Thirdly, war can involve the expropriation of water resources and infrastructure by conflict parties, further exacerbating water insecurity. Additionally, deliberate contamination of water supplies as a method of attack by opposing military forces or terrorists poses a significant threat to public health and the availability of safe water. Overall, war has profound consequences for water security, affecting both the availability and quality of water resources.

What are reasons of competition of water resources?5 answersCompetition for water resources can arise due to various reasons. One reason is the increasing demand for water, driven by factors such as population growth and industrial practices. Another reason is the scarcity of water resources, which is already a challenge in many areas and is predicted to worsen in the future. Interstate and international competition for groundwater resources that cross state and national borders can also contribute to the need for federal intervention in water management. Additionally, the desire for competition in water services, similar to other utilities, has led to calls for the introduction of competition in the water sector. These factors highlight the importance of addressing competition for water resources to ensure sustainable management and allocation.

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