Are black men in senior leadership roles in state government?10 answersThe presence and experiences of Black men in senior leadership roles within state government and other sectors reveal a complex landscape shaped by historical, social, and institutional factors. Research indicates that while there is an increasing diversity in American legislatures, including the representation of historically underrepresented groups, the specific dynamics surrounding Black male leadership in state government and beyond merit focused attention.
Black male leaders, particularly in high-profile sectors like Fortune 500 companies, represent a small percentage, suggesting potential parallels in state government leadership roles. This underrepresentation is further complicated by societal perceptions and the internalization of hegemonic masculinity, which can influence leadership styles and the enactment of mentorship roles among Black male leaders. Such dynamics are not isolated but are part of broader patterns of diversity and inclusion within leadership positions across various sectors.
The challenges faced by Black men in leadership positions are further nuanced by the historical context of leadership in public Black colleges, where Black men could wield political influence, albeit often at the expense of minimizing the contributions of Black women. This historical sidelining in educational leadership roles hints at broader systemic issues that may also affect Black men's representation and effectiveness in state government leadership.
Moreover, the intersectionality framework reveals that women of color in leadership roles within state government agencies perceive less discretionary control and communication with elected officials compared to their male counterparts, which may suggest a broader institutional environment where minority leaders, including Black men, navigate complex dynamics of oversight and discretion.
In summary, while Black men are present in senior leadership roles within state government, their experiences and representation are influenced by a confluence of factors including historical underrepresentation, societal perceptions of masculinity, and the broader institutional context that shapes the discretion and communication dynamics of minority leaders.
Does age matter in good governance?5 answersAge does matter in good governance. Research shows that corporate governance (CG) has a significant and negative effect on the patenting strategy of younger firms, indicating that firm age influences how CG may alter innovation. Furthermore, the paper suggests that a wider commitment by central and local government is needed to develop strategies for an aging population, as ageism and political and professional inertia are major constraints to achieving quality in aging. Therefore, it can be concluded that age plays a role in determining the effectiveness of governance in different contexts.
Does educational attainment matter in governance?3 answersEducational attainment does matter in governance. Increases in a nation's political stability and control of corruption positively affect female educational achievement, which in turn is associated with their presence in top firm and parliament positions. Decentralization of educational governance has been found to be positively related to student achievement. However, the effects of educational governance on the quality of basic education are not straightforward, and other factors also play a role. Education has positive effects on labor market outcomes, which are important when evaluating education. The degree of political and administrative centralization in a state is associated with student outcomes, but there are no apparent associations with fiscal centralization. In terms of administrative centralization, trade-offs may exist.
Does educational attainment matter in governance of the public officials ?5 answersEducational attainment does matter in the governance of public officials. A study by Arezki et al. found that higher education levels in public administrations are associated with government effectiveness, including higher tax revenue mobilization, limiting corruption, better public finance management, and private market support. Another study by Dee showed that educational attainment has significant effects on subsequent voter participation and support for free speech, as well as increasing the quality of civic knowledge. These findings suggest that education equips public officials with the necessary skills and knowledge to navigate complex environments, adapt to changing needs, and effectively deliver public services. Therefore, investing in education for public officials is crucial for their ability to meet the challenges of the ever-changing landscape and ensure effective governance.
How does weather affect daily decision making?5 answersWeather has a significant impact on daily decision making. People's economic decisions, such as sales of companies in various sectors, are influenced by weather conditions. Noncompliance with weather warnings among the public can be attributed to past experiences with false alarms. Emotion also plays a role in decision-making, but there is no significant difference in individuals' propensity to buy or sell equities on cloudy versus sunny days. The increasing penetration of renewable energy and extreme weather events necessitates the use of forecasting tools that consider uncertainties and help decision-makers take appropriate actions. The format and information conveyed in weather warning systems can affect decision-making, with an increase in information not always leading to better decisions.
How can school governance be improved?5 answersSchool governance can be improved by focusing on consensus-oriented decision-making processes that involve various stakeholders in the school community. This approach allows for a broader consensus on policies and procedures that are in the best interest of the school community. Additionally, there is a need for a more open and democratic approach to governance matters, building on good practice. Strengthening the responsibilities of teachers, establishing mass concepts, and strengthening school curriculum leadership are also important measures to improve school governance. Furthermore, it is crucial to emphasize value guidance, implement moral education, and make effective use of new media to enhance governance capabilities. Consolidating schools can also address the trade-off between large schools with good infrastructure and many small schools lacking resources, leading to improved quality of teaching and facilities. However, it is important to ensure that any interventions or programs designed to improve school governance are effective in practice and have a positive impact on student outcomes.