Is microneedling a viable treatment for vitiligo resistant to other treatments?4 answersMicroneedling has been shown to be an effective and promising treatment for vitiligo resistant to other treatments. It allows greater control over the injection's depth, reduces pain, and causes minimal harm to the epidermis. Microneedling stimulates the production of collagen, elastin, and growth factors, leading to repigmentation of vitiligo lesions. Silk fibroin (SF) methacrylate hydrogel microneedles have been developed to deliver α-MSH directly to the epidermis, promoting the protection and extension of melanocytes and transfer of melanosomes. Clinical studies have shown that microneedling, either alone or in combination with other treatments such as topical tacrolimus, 5-FU, calcipotriol and betamethasone, NB-UVB, or trichloroacetic acid, can improve vitiligo lesions. Microneedling is considered a safe and efficient technique for vitiligo treatment, offering a potential solution for patients who have not responded to other therapies.
Which types of vitiligo are most responsive to microneedling?3 answersMicroneedling has shown efficacy in the treatment of vitiligo, particularly in localized and stable patches. Combining microneedling with other modalities such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been investigated. The combination of microneedling and TCA has been found to be superior to microneedling with 5-FU or pimecrolimus. Microneedling combined with 5-FU has shown excellent response in small localized patches of vitiligo. Additionally, microneedling followed by application of 5-FU has been found to be effective in vitiligo treatment, with increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) in affected skin. However, it should be noted that microneedling combined with PRP has not shown significant advantage in treating resistant acral vitiligo. Overall, microneedling appears to be most responsive in localized and stable patches of vitiligo, particularly when combined with TCA or 5-FU.
What is the cure for skin cancer?5 answersStep 1:
The cure for skin cancer includes various approaches such as immunomodulators, natural cell therapy, phenyl boric acid treatment, surgical excision, and the use of medicinal plants for their anticancer properties.
Step 2:
"Context_1" - Berman et al.
"Context_2" - Basmaji et al.
"Context_3" - Meacham & Carper
"Context_4" - Yagerman & Stevenson
"Context_5" - Singh et al.
Step 3:
The cure for skin cancer includes various approaches such as immunomodulators, natural cell therapy, phenyl boric acid treatment, surgical excision, and the use of medicinal plants for their anticancer properties.
What are the methods for treating skin cancer?5 answersMethods for treating skin cancer include surgery, phototherapy, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and topical/transdermal therapy. Surgery is a conventional approach for removing malignant cancers. Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy, has shown promising outcomes. Immunotherapy, such as photoimmunotherapy, combines photodynamic and/or photothermal therapy with a systemic immune response, making it ideal for metastatic cancer. Chemotherapy is another option, with various topical agents like 5-fluorouracil, imiquimod, and dacarbazine being used for treating skin carcinoma. Topical and transdermal therapy allows for higher therapeutic levels at the site of action and reduces toxicity compared to systemic therapy. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems, such as lipid-based vesicles and nanoparticles, have shown potential for enhancing drug delivery and reducing side effects in topical cancer treatment. Electrochemical and optical biosensors have also been explored for skin cancer diagnosis and management.
What are the treatmant approved in europe for melanoma ?5 answersThe treatments approved in Europe for melanoma include adjuvant systemic treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy, as well as intralesional oncolytic immunotherapy. These treatments have shown significant improvements in recurrence-free survival and have had a considerable impact on healthcare budgets. The cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) conducted on the adjuvant treatment options approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for resected stage III melanoma found that adjuvant treatment with nivolumab was the most cost-effective, followed by pembrolizumab, while combination therapy with dabrafenib-trametinib was the least cost-effective. In addition, the European Dermatology Forum, the European Association of Dermato-Oncology, and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) have made recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous melanoma, including the use of adjuvant therapies in stage III/IV patients, primarily anti-PD-1 therapy or dabrafenib plus trametinib for BRAF-mutant patients. Furthermore, talimogene laherparepvec, an intralesional oncolytic immunotherapy, has been approved for the treatment of unresectable stage IIIB-IVM1a melanoma in Europe.
How is melanoma treated in the us?4 answersMelanoma in the US is treated using a variety of approaches including surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, biochemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Surgical resection is commonly used for early melanoma, while chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy are options for advanced disease. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have shown significant advancements in the treatment of melanoma, with targeted therapies such as vemurafenib and immunotherapies like ipilimumab emerging as promising options. Combination therapies, such as polychemotherapy, polyimmunotherapy, and biochemotherapy, are also being administered and have shown promising outcomes in terms of efficacy and safety. The development of resistance mechanisms can decrease the efficiency of these treatments, leading to the exploration of new therapeutic targets based on the genetic profile of melanocytes and molecular factors involved in melanomagenesis. Overall, the treatment options for melanoma have expanded significantly in recent years, providing improved outcomes for patients with advanced disease.