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We show that both conditions and abstract skills can be learned simultaneously while planning, even in stochastic domains.
I argue that my restricted approach is superior for a theory of the practical rationality of reflective, planning agents like us.
These findings can remind the reader of how planning theory speaks to professional experience.
A case study situated in the Japanese city of Kawasaki illustrates how deliberative planning theory can illuminate the limitations of deliberative planning theory and practice while revealing potential paths to create more democratic and inclusive planning processes.
We show how the context-enhanced additive heuristic can be successfully used for temporal planning and how it can be extended to numeric fluents.
Strategic planning can be a good way for staff to learn new skills and attitudes and to handle change.
The authors conclude that planning educators generally are providing the essential knowledge and skills relevant to land use planning and law that agencies desire.
Such sub-skills are useful because they can be treated as new discrete, specialized actions by higher-level planning processes.
(1) Planning is a necessary skill to develop an organized learning environment.
The implications for planners and planning education are a greater emphasis on political and communicative skills in order to be effective in collaborative planning.
The findings show that planning skills can be measured in a reliable way and that subject-specific decisions are more difficult to implement into planning than generic decisions.
Planning educators value teaching skills more closely aligned with those valued by senior-level planners when compared to skills demanded for entry-level planners.
The results of the analysis suggest that those holding a Planning Accreditation Board–accredited planning degree utilize a larger number of skills in practice, particularly skills pertaining to the core domains of planning knowledge.
Illustrates how future strategic planning skills lie in prophetic leadership, whereby the many facets of reality are seen and dealt with in a manner that reflects the complex dynamics of human behaviour.
The study revealed a lack of correlations among planning strategies and cognitive abilities, academic performance, research activity, which confirms insufficiency of planning skills.
Many core planning skills have endured across all contexts, but we find that communities experiencing population decline exhibit demand for different skills than growing communities.
These results indicate that the domain of planning skills is more complex than previously thought.