Would the mismatch of peak diffraction contributed from diffraction and interference?5 answersPeak diffraction mismatch can be influenced by both diffraction and interference effects. In cases where thin layers exhibit interference with the substrate, peak shifting can occur, impacting the accuracy of mismatch measurements based on diffraction peak separation methods. Additionally, in diffusely scattering materials, factors like Compton scattering and asymmetric broadening can distort diffraction patterns, leading to peak displacement and d-spacing errors. Moreover, in neutron diffraction, thin samples can display peak shape aberrations due to constructive interference from thin layers at the sample surfaces, affecting strain and peak-broadening parameter calculations. Therefore, both diffraction and interference phenomena play crucial roles in peak diffraction mismatch in various materials and experimental setups.
Why defects (impurity) make beautiful color?4 answersDefects and impurities in materials can contribute to the creation of beautiful colors. For example, the color of diamond is determined by impurities such as nitrogen or boron. Impurities can also affect the optical properties of materials, such as their reflectivity and transparency. Additionally, the electrical properties of semiconductors, like silicon, are determined by the type and concentration of defects they contain. The presence of defects and impurities can lead to a wide range of colors and visual effects in materials, making them visually appealing.
How do defects effect the mobility in Si?5 answersDefects have a significant impact on the mobility in Si. The presence of broken bonds induced by defects at the surface of Si nanowires (NWs) leads to an increase in resistivity with increasing tensile strain. On the other hand, the introduction of erbium into silicon layers at a concentration of up to ∼5 × 10^18 cm−3 does not increase the density of crystal lattice defects but results in a considerable decrease in electron mobility. Additionally, it is suggested that obstacles, such as interstitial clusters bound to the dislocation line, control the mobility of dislocations in Si. Therefore, defects play a crucial role in determining the mobility of carriers in Si, with broken bonds at the surface and the presence of impurities leading to a decrease in mobility, while the introduction of certain elements can also affect the mobility of electrons.
How do defects affect the topological properties of topological insulators?5 answersDefects have a significant impact on the topological properties of topological insulators. The presence of magnetic defects in both Bi2Se3-based dilute ferromagnetic (FM) TIs and MnBi2Te4 (MBT)-based antiferromagnetic (AFM) TIs controls the topological surface transport and bulk magnetic properties. In the case of HfTe5, changes in the lattice constants due to either Te vacancy concentration or applied strain lead to a transition from strong to weak topological insulator, resulting in the suppression of surface-localized features. These findings demonstrate that defects, such as vacancies and changes in lattice constants, can serve as control parameters for topological phase transitions and associated many-body physics. Additionally, defect engineering of the intrablock and interblock coupling plays a crucial role in the evolution of global magnetic order from AFM to FM in Sb-substituted MBT.
How laser energy value and speed of laser scanning effects on defects during SLM?5 answersLaser energy value and speed of laser scanning have a significant impact on defects during selective laser melting (SLM). Increasing laser power and decreasing scanning speed can help control part defects and improve the quality of ceramic additive manufacturing. Excessive laser power can lead to surface roughness, cavities, and porous microstructure, while gradually increasing laser power and reducing scanning speed can effectively control defects in cuprous oxide (Cu2O) ceramic. In the case of porous Ti-55531(Fe) fabricated by SLM, increasing laser scanning speed results in higher porosity and the formation of gas-induced defects, while decreasing scanning speed leads to elongated voids and interrupted columnar dendrites. For pure nickel fabricated with SLM, increasing laser power and decreasing scanning speed within a specific range can avoid defects and improve surface quality. The influence of laser power and scan speed on surface quality differs for overhanging and side surfaces, with increasing laser power leading to rougher side surfaces and declining quality of overhanging surfaces. In the case of 24CrNiMo steel, adjusting laser energy density and using an orthogonal scanning strategy can minimize porosity, improve surface quality, and ensure homogeneity.
Doping concentration has no effect on defects in thin films5 answersNồng độ doping có ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến các khuyết tật trong màng mỏng. Trong màng Bari Titanate (BTE) pha tạp Erbium, động học sinh trưởng hạt và năng lượng kích hoạt của sự phát triển hạt được phát hiện là bị ảnh hưởng bởi doping và xử lý nhiệt]. Sự tương tác chặt chẽ giữa doping và các khuyết tật trong các oxit khe băng rộng như titan dioxide và oxit kẽm được tìm thấy là quyết định để đạt được các đặc tính điện và quang học tối ưu. Trong màng CdTe đa tinh thể, pha tạp tại chỗ và ủ sau tăng trưởng được chứng minh là làm tăng mật độ lỗ mà không ảnh hưởng đến tuổi thọ chất mang, dẫn đến cải thiện hiệu suất mặt trời]. Tương tự, trong màng TiO2 pha tạp Fe, nồng độ doping ảnh hưởng đến kích thước tinh thể, sự biến đổi pha và khoảng cách dải quang. Nồng độ doping cũng ảnh hưởng đến các đặc tính cấu trúc, thành phần, hình thái, quang học và phát quang của màng mỏng ZnS hợp kim Mn. Do đó, có thể kết luận rằng nồng độ doping có ảnh hưởng đến các khuyết tật trong màng mỏng.