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How do innate lymphoid cells contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis? 


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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) . ILCs are tissue-resident lymphoid cells that regulate the immune response through cytokine production . They are involved in the development of RA, with ILC1 being analogous to Th1, ILC2 to Th2, and ILC3 to Th17 cells . Alterations in the number and function of ILCs have been observed in RA patients . Specifically, the number of ILC2 cells is reduced in RA patients compared to healthy donors . The imbalance of ILCs may contribute to the development of RA . Further studies are needed to understand the subpopulation profile, phenotypic, and functional characteristics of ILCs in RA . The role of ILC2 in RA is presumed to be protective . Overall, ILCs represent a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for RA .

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Open accessJournal ArticleDOI
Weiting Fang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Zhu Chen, Zhu Chen 
30 Citations
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through dysregulated activation and production of inflammatory cytokines in the joints.
The paper mentions that innate lymphoid cells (ILC) play a role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by being present in the synovial membrane and synovial fluid, along with other immune cells. However, it does not provide specific details on how ILC contribute to the pathogenesis of RA.
ILCs may play a role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis, as they are "innate analogues" of T helper cells and produce similar cytokines. However, the specific contribution of ILCs to the pathogenesis of RA is not mentioned in the paper.
The paper states that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but does not provide specific details on how they do so.

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What are the cytokines that are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis?5 answersThe pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves a complex network of cytokines. The cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 are central to the pathogenesis of RA. Other cytokines such as IL-7, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, and IL-2 also play a role in RA. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 are involved in the induction of inflammation in RA. Additionally, IL-39 levels are significantly higher in RA patients compared to healthy controls. The study also suggests that an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines is a key factor in the pathogenesis of RA. Overall, a variety of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-2, and IL-39, are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
What are the roles of innate lymphoid cells in the nervous system?5 answersInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have been increasingly recognized within the central nervous system (CNS) and associated diseases. ILCs are generally regarded as tissue resident and early responders, but their presence in the CNS at steady-state is limited. ILCs are deeply integrated into the fabric of tissues and contribute to multiple immune pathways, including sustaining appropriate immune responses, regulating tissue inflammation, and interacting with the nervous system. There is considerable heterogeneity in the mature family of ILCs, and they have been implicated in inflammatory disorders. In the CNS, ILCs, particularly natural killer cells, play a significant role in responses to infective, sterile, or tumoral cellular stress scenarios. The roles of ILCs in the nervous system are still being explored, but their involvement in major neurological diseases like ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis has been observed.
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What are the mechanisms by which innate lymphoid cells interact with the nervous system?4 answersInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) interact with the nervous system through intricate and bidirectional communication. ILCs are found to co-localize with neurons, nerves, glial cell projectors, and neuroendocrine cells in the mucosal barrier sites and the central nervous system (CNS). In the mucosal barrier sites, the cross talk between ILCs and the peripheral nervous system orchestrates mucosal homeostasis and immunity. In the CNS, ILCs are present at steady-state and play important roles in neurological inflammation and diseases such as ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis. The activities of CNS-associated ILCs impact the outcome of various CNS disorders. The interaction between ILCs and the nervous system extends beyond classical immunology to metabolic homeostasis, tissue remodeling, and dialog with the nervous system. Overall, ILCs interact with the nervous system through their presence in specific anatomical locations and their involvement in immune regulation and tissue homeostasis.
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