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How do smart cities evolve? 


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Smart cities evolve by integrating advanced technologies and data-driven solutions to improve the quality of life for citizens, increase infrastructure efficiency, and promote sustainable economic growth . Initially, the concept of smart cities focused on using information and communication technologies (ICT) for urban management, but it has expanded to include governance, sustainability, and decent urbanization . The idea of the smart energy city emerged as a sector-specific version of smart cities, combining smart grids, energy efficiency, and low carbon initiatives . The development of smart cities relies on the integration of ICT in various domains such as healthcare, education, transportation, and power generation, with a focus on sustainability . Strategy, organization, and entrepreneurship play crucial roles in the evolution of smart cities, with integrated strategies connecting physical space, organization theories applying to ICT-related urban transformations, and synchronization among actors for entrepreneurial activities .

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The paper discusses how smart cities evolve through the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in various sub-systems and processes in the urban environment.
The paper discusses the emergence and development of smart energy cities, which are a sector-specific version of smart cities. It explains how the concept evolved from energy efficient buildings and smart grids to encompass multiple urban sectors and domains. However, the specific evolution of smart cities is not discussed in the paper.
The paper discusses the evolution of strategy, organization, and entrepreneurship in smart cities, but it does not specifically explain how smart cities evolve.
The paper discusses the evolution of smart cities from being ICT-based urban solutions to encompassing governance, sustainability, and decent urbanization.

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