How esters are prepared?
Best insight from top research papers
Esters can be prepared using various methods. One method involves reacting alcohols with acid compounds in a tower reactor, followed by cooling and stratifying the mixture to obtain alkyl esters . Another method involves adding an alcohol-based compound, an olefin, and a ruthenium-loaded metal oxide catalyst to a pressure container, and then inflating with carbon monoxide. After the reaction, the catalyst can be easily separated and recycled, resulting in a high yield of ester-based compounds . Additionally, a method for preparing pharmaceutical adjuvant glyceryl behenate involves reacting in a mixed solvent of cyclohexane and n-heptane in the presence of an acid catalyst . Another method utilizes a carboxylic acid activating agent and an organic base as catalysts, with carboxylic acid and alcohol reacting to generate ester under specific conditions. This method has the advantages of low reaction temperature, short reaction time, and low reaction cost . Lastly, a method for preparing fatty acid ester involves using a separating column with filler as a reaction tube, allowing the raw material oil to flow downwardly and contact the alcohol fully, resulting in complete reaction and high efficiency .
Answers from top 5 papers
More filters
| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
| The paper describes a method for synthesizing esters using carboxylic acid and alcohol as raw materials. The method involves using a carboxylic acid activating agent and a catalyst to react the carboxylic acid and alcohol, resulting in the formation of ester. | |
| The provided paper describes a method for preparing fatty acid esters by using a separating column with filler as a reaction tube and introducing raw material oil containing an acidic catalyst into the column to react with a C1-C6 monobasic alcohol. | |
| The provided paper describes a method for preparing a specific ester, glyceryl behenate, using a mixed reaction solvent and an acid catalyst. However, it does not provide a general method for preparing esters. | |
| The paper provides a method for preparing ester-based compounds using an alcohol-based compound, an olefin, and a ruthenium-loaded metal oxide catalyst. The reaction conditions include a temperature of at least 130°C and a reaction time of at least 2 hours. The yield of the ester-based compound can be up to 86%. | |
| The paper provides a preparation method of alkyl esters, which involves feeding alcohols and acid compounds into a tower reactor, carrying out a reaction, and then cooling and stratifying the mixture to obtain the alkyl esters. |
Related Questions
What are esters?4 answersEsters are organic compounds formed by the reaction of an acid with an alcohol. They are widely utilized in various industries due to their diverse properties. Esters can be derived from different types of acids and alcohols, resulting in a wide range of chemical structures and functionalities. Exposure to esters can occur during manufacturing, handling, and use of products containing esters, leading to potential toxicological effects on both animals and humans. Aliphatic esters, common in fruits, contribute pleasant odors and tastes, while some esters like phosphates may exhibit skin sensitization. The toxic effects of esters can include irritation to various systems, CNS depression, and even carcinogenesis, predominantly observed in rodent studies. Overall, esters play crucial roles in industrial processes but require careful handling due to their potential physiological impacts.
How ester can be used in lithium batteries performance?4 answersEsters can be used in lithium batteries to improve their performance. The addition of esters as co-solvents to the electrolyte can enhance low-temperature performance and rate capability of the batteries. For example, the ester methyl acetate (MA) has been found to have a positive impact on the conductivity and viscosity of the electrolyte, leading to improved battery performance. Additionally, the use of ester-based electrolytes, such as linear carboxylic esters and fluorinated carboxylic acid esters, has been shown to enhance the ionic conductivity and compatibility of the electrolyte with the lithium metal anode, resulting in stable cycling performance at room temperature and even at ultra-low temperatures. Furthermore, the solvation behavior of the ester-based electrolyte can be regulated to improve the properties of the battery, such as the formation of a protective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film on the anode, which effectively protects the lithium metal and suppresses voltage decay and dissolution of transition metals.
What substrat can production of esterase?4 answersEsterase production can be achieved using various substrates such as pineapple waste enriched soil, digestate-based substrate, residual glycerol from biodiesel, and groundnut oil cake. In the case of pineapple waste enriched soil, the optimal conditions for esterase production were pH 6.5, incubation time 25 h, and 1.8%v/v of acetone extract of pineapple peel. For digestate-based substrate, the best esterase activity was achieved with 50% digestate, 50% fruits, 10% sawdust, and 30 °C. Using residual glycerol from biodiesel, the highest esterase production was obtained with a culture medium containing 0.1% v/v residual glycerol, 4 g/L (NH4)2SO4, and 8 g/L yeast extract. Groundnut oil cake was found to be an effective substrate for esterase production under solid-state fermentation, with optimal conditions of pH 9, temperature 60 °C, and moisture level 75%.
How can ionic liquids be used for ester synthesis?5 answersIonic liquids can be used for ester synthesis in various ways. They can act as organocatalysts for transesterification reactions, converting dialkyl carbonates to mono-transesterification products or alkylene carbonates. Ionic liquids can also be used as reaction media in the enzymatic synthesis of esters, enhancing enzyme activity, stability, and selectivity. Additionally, ionic liquids can be used as solvents for the biosynthesis of sugar fatty acid esters, resulting in high conversion yields and the ability to recycle and reuse enzymes and ionic liquids. Furthermore, ionic liquids can be used as lubricant additives in synthetic ester oil, improving friction reduction and antiwear properties. Finally, ionic liquids derived from quaternary ammonium salts can be used as acidic catalysts for the hydrolysis of organic carboxylic acid esters and the esterification of carboxylic acids and alcohols.
What are heterogeneous methods of producing cellulose esters?5 answersHeterogeneous methods of producing cellulose esters include the acyl chloride method and the CO2 switchable ionic compound method. The acyl chloride method is effective for homogeneous esterification and results in cellulose esters with high degree of substitution values (DS). The CO2 switchable ionic compound method involves dissolving cellulose in a CO2 switchable ionic compound or a mixture of the compound and organic solvent, and then adding an acylation reagent to obtain cellulose ester. These methods offer advantages such as simplicity, low solvent cost, and convenient operation.
Why do esters have a scent?4 answersEsters have a scent because they are commonly used as fragrances and found in essential oils and pheromones. The aromatic esters, which possess an aromatic ring in their molecular structure, are widely found in nature and can be synthesized via chemical or natural routes. Lipases play an important role in the production of aromatic esters, and their enzymatic-catalyzed reactions usually follow a Ping-Pong Bi-Bi or ternary complex mechanism. Small aliphatic esters, which are important natural flavor and fragrance compounds, can be made through biochemical routes in microbes. The physiological role of ester-forming reactions in microbes may allow degradation of ketones for use as a carbon source and detoxification of aldehydes.