How have DDoS attacks in WLANs evolved over the past decade and what are the emerging trends?5 answersDDoS attacks in WLANs have become increasingly severe and diverse over the past decade. Traditional protection mechanisms are struggling to keep up with the evolving attack landscape, necessitating innovative solutions. Recent trends show a shift towards more sophisticated and elaborate DDoS attacks, requiring advanced defense strategies. The emergence of software-defined networking (SDN) has provided a new avenue for dynamic DDoS protection mechanisms in WLANs, offering flexibility and efficiency in handling diverse attack types. Researchers are focusing on developing collaborative defense systems and leveraging modern programmable network technology to enhance defense capabilities against these evolving threats. The future direction involves broad-spectrum detection mechanisms, robust defense against adversarial attacks, and cost-effective collaborative defense solutions for network security.
What is interconnectedness in art)?3 answersInterconnectedness in art refers to the idea that art is connected to and influenced by various aspects of the world, including nature, human culture, and societal systems. It recognizes that art is not created in isolation, but is shaped by the interconnected relationships between different elements. This concept is explored in various papers. Olivier's paper discusses the visual artworks of Cleone Cull, highlighting the motif of interconnectedness and process in her work. Whipple's paper examines how ecological criticism focuses on interconnectedness, complicity, and ambiguity in art and literature, emphasizing the interconnected nature of ecological systems and the impact of human actions on them. Komorowski's paper explores the inspiration that nature provides in art, emphasizing the connection between humans and the natural world as a source of creativity and inspiration. Overall, interconnectedness in art recognizes the interplay between different elements and the influence they have on artistic expression.
What is the evolution of the IT?4 answersThe evolution of IT involves the application of evolutionary processes to computer hardware and simulations, as well as the adoption of algorithms based on natural evolution in the field of automated machine learning. Evolution has been shown to be effective in the development of parallel digital computer programs, leading to significant increases in parallelism. However, it is important to consider the type of modeling used in computational sciences and extend it to allow simulations of novel models for social life in order to overcome social problems. Additionally, the approach to evolution in software systems development should be based on post-adaptive mutations rather than pre-adaptive ones, incorporating modifications according to the necessities of the system and the will of the modeller. The overall progress of the field of automatic computation is characterized by a long-range pattern of change and modifications exhibiting a definite direction.
How has artificial intelligence evolved over time?4 answersArtificial intelligence (AI) has evolved over time, with significant impact on human life. The field has seen increasing research output, reflected in the number of articles published over the last sixty years. The development of science and technology has greatly improved the ability of the human brain and AI, leading to advancements in machine learning and the emergence of AI technologies like AlphaGo. Discussions on defining and measuring intelligence in machines have been ongoing, with efforts to achieve human-like intelligence. AI has become an integral part of our daily routines, affecting various industries and opening up opportunities for automation. Recent developments in AI have focused on achieving artificial intelligence equal to human intelligence, with advancements in deep neural network technology and the exploration of Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI) and General Artificial Intelligence (AGI).
How is information technology infrastructure changing over time?5 answersInformation technology infrastructure is evolving rapidly, with advancements in server power and network infrastructure. Servers have become more powerful, executing more operations in a fraction of a second. Organizations are moving towards cloud computing, virtualization, smartphones, and tablets, resulting in increased productivity but also challenges and security issues. Information systems are no longer independent but integrated parts of large-scale networks, offering shared resources for information delivery and exchange. Information infrastructures gradually evolve to adapt to changes in technologies and user requirements. The role of information technology in organizations is changing, with a focus on user experiences and the role of infrastructure in e-Learning. These changes in information technology infrastructure reflect the need for increased connectivity, simplification of processes, and cost-saving measures.
How have the different WiFi standards evolved over time?5 answersThe evolution of WiFi standards over time has been significant. Initially, wireless systems were designed for voice service with limited data rates. However, with the demands of the Internet era, third-generation systems were developed to provide higher data rates and a wide range of IP-based services. The creation of the 802.11 standard and its amendments brought about many benefits to using wireless, leading to the growth of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). WiFi technology has become a necessity in our day-to-day life, connecting billions of devices to the Internet and enabling millions of applications. Despite these advancements, there are challenges in meeting the growing demand for WiFi, such as insufficient spectrum capacity and limited availability of large contiguous channels. To overcome these hurdles, several wireless signalling and performance analysis techniques have been developed, contributing towards the evolution of 4G towards 5G.