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How has the efficiency of the Haber-Bosch process been improved in recent years? 


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In recent years, the efficiency of the Haber-Bosch process has seen improvements through the exploration of electrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) and Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction (ENRR) as potential alternatives. Studies have shown that EAS can achieve selectivity levels close to 100% , while ENRR has demonstrated energy efficiencies of up to 41% . These advancements are significant as they bring these electrochemical methods closer to the efficiency levels of current state-of-the-art Haber-Bosch plants, which can achieve efficiencies of up to 56%. The focus on reliability indicators and rigorous experimental protocols in recent studies has helped in assessing and improving the energy efficiency of these electrochemical processes, paving the way for more sustainable and efficient ammonia production methods.

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Recent advancements in electrochemical ammonia synthesis have achieved up to 55% energy efficiency in aqueous systems, surpassing the Haber-Bosch process in selectivity and efficiency improvements.
Recent advancements in electrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) have achieved energy efficiencies up to 55%, comparable to the Haber-Bosch process, showcasing significant improvements in efficiency.
Recent advancements in the Haber-Bosch process have achieved up to 56% energy efficiency, surpassing previous levels. Further improvements are needed for electrochemical ammonia synthesis to match this efficiency.
Recent studies show electrochemical ammonia synthesis (EAS) achieving up to 55% energy efficiency, surpassing non-aqueous methods. However, non-aqueous systems exhibit higher total ammonium production.
Recent advancements in electrochemical ammonia synthesis have achieved up to 41% energy efficiency, approaching the 56% efficiency of state-of-the-art Haber-Bosch plants, indicating progress towards improved efficiency.

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