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How to categorize diabetes management self-efficacy score as high and low?

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Diabetes management self-efficacy scores can be categorized as high or low based on specific thresholds. Studies indicate varying levels of self-efficacy among patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Context_1 highlights that none of the patients had high self-efficacy, with 56.25% exhibiting low self-efficacy. Context_2 mentions that 72.5% of patients had moderate self-efficacy, indicating a middle-ground category. Additionally, Context_4 discusses the adaptation of a scale to measure self-efficacy in diabetes management, identifying factors like disease and lifestyle management. Therefore, to categorize self-efficacy scores, one can consider thresholds based on the distribution of scores within a specific population, such as defining ranges for low, moderate, and high self-efficacy levels.

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Open access•Journal Article•DOI Gambaran self efficacy pada pasien diabetes tipe 2 di poliklinik penyakit dalam rsupn dr. cipto mangunkusumo jakarta Shanty Chloranyta 30 Nov 2020	Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy (DMSE) scores can be categorized as high or low based on the assessment results. In the study, a mean score of 59.0 was obtained.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Assessing self-efficacy in type 2 diabetes management: validation of the Italian version of the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (IT-DMSES) Rossella Messina, Paola Rucci, Jackie Sturt, Tatiana Mancini, Maria Pia Fantini - Show less +4 more 23 Apr 2018-Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 34 Citations	Diabetes management self-efficacy scores are categorized as high (7-10) and low (0-3) based on weighted means of specific items related to disease and lifestyle management in the IT-DMSES scale.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI The effect of self-efficacy and self-management training on efficacy and stress in diabetes mellitus patients Agustina Boru Gultom, Arbani Batubara - Show less +1 more 31 Dec 2022-Medisains	Diabetes management self-efficacy scores can be categorized as high or low based on the levels observed before and after training, with significant improvements indicating high self-efficacy.
Open access•Journal Article•DOI Self-Efficacy among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Dheyaa Mohammed Madran, Aqeel H. Jassim - Show less +1 more 31 Mar 2022-Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences	Diabetes management self-efficacy scores can be categorized as high or low based on patient age and duration of diabetes; older age (≥70 years) and longer disease duration are associated with lower self-efficacy.

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How does living in rural areas affect the self-efficacy of individuals with diabetes?5 answersLiving in rural areas can impact the self-efficacy of individuals with diabetes. Research shows that rural populations with diabetes face challenges in achieving performance measures for diagnosis, treatment, and control compared to urban counterparts. Factors such as family support, family function, and self-efficacy play crucial roles in diabetes self-management among rural patients. Stress levels and self-efficacy are associated with lifestyle habits, sleep quality, and multi-morbidity in the elderly with type 2 diabetes in rural areas. Additionally, adapting diabetes self-management education and support programs for rural settings is essential to address unique challenges faced by rural communities in accessing adequate care. Therefore, living in rural areas can influence the self-efficacy of individuals with diabetes through various interconnected factors.

What is the effect of low glycemic index on glycemic control?4 answersA low glycemic index (GI) diet has been shown to have positive effects on glycemic control. It can cause hypoglycemia and insulin responses in healthy individuals and improve glycemic control in those with type 1 and well-controlled type 2 diabetes. In pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a low GI diet can control maternal weight gain, reduce the incidence of excessive weight gain, and decrease the incidence of large-for-gestational-age infants and preterm infants. In patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), a low GI diet can help improve fasting blood glucose, hepatic glucose influx, and fat accumulation, leading to weight loss and improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) score. For patients with metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a low GI diet is more effective at controlling body mass and blood glucose compared to a high GI or other diet. Additionally, combining medical nutritional therapy (MNT) with a low GI formula at breakfast can help improve glycemic control in patients with T2DM.

What are the factors associated with diabetes self-management in patients?5 answersFactors associated with diabetes self-management in patients include knowledge, self-efficacy, family support, socioeconomic status, activity ability, and self-efficacy. Good self-management knowledge and self-efficacy were found to be significantly associated with practicing good self-management behavior. Lower socioeconomic status was predictive of patients who could not understand information about diabetes from literature. Additionally, higher baseline HbA1c, insulin regimen complexity, and number of noninsulin medications were associated with receiving diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES). Other factors such as sex, race, marital status, social support, body mass index, diabetes knowledge, and uncontrolled glucose were also found to be independently predictive of diabetes self-management. These findings highlight the importance of addressing various factors to improve diabetes self-management practices and outcomes in patients.

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How Religosity and/or spirituality might influence self-Care in Diabetes Management: a structured review?5 answersReligiosity and spirituality can influence self-care in diabetes management by promoting a holistic approach to health and well-being. Integrative Medicine, which combines complementary and alternative medicine with conventional medicine, recognizes the importance of the mind and spiritual nature in healing and emphasizes the active support of the person's innate healing abilities. Islamic medicine, specifically Tibb an-Nabawi, places great emphasis on preventative measures and incorporates the spiritual, emotional, and physical aspects of a person's lifestyle. Additionally, religiosity and spirituality can play a role in lifestyle choices, such as dietary consumption and physical activity, which are important factors in diabetes management. The concept of temperament in Unani-Tibb guides individualized treatment regimes, taking into account an individual's unique constitutional make-up and disease predispositions. Furthermore, religiosity and spirituality may contribute to stress reduction and coping mechanisms, which are crucial in managing diabetes.

How can we measure self-efficacy?5 answersSelf-efficacy can be measured using self-report questionnaires that assess an individual's judgment of their ability to successfully perform a behavior. These questionnaires should have good content validity, meaning they measure the full scope and content of the construct without contamination from similar constructs. Discriminant content validation (DCV) is a systematic and transparent quantitative method that can be used to assess the content validity of self-efficacy items. DCV involves rating items against construct definitions to determine if they measure a particular construct and assessing judges' confidence in each assessment. Additionally, qualitative think-aloud studies can be conducted to explore participants' interpretations of self-efficacy items and identify any misinterpretations caused by item wording. It is important to consider item wording during study design to ensure accurate measurement of self-efficacy.

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