What is the impact of carbon black on wave absorption in various applications?5 answersCarbon black (BC) plays a crucial role in wave absorption in various applications. BC, with its diverse morphologies and compositional heterogeneity, enhances light absorption capabilities significantly. When used in composites, such as CB/SiO2, BC content influences microwave absorption performance, with higher content leading to improved absorption at elevated temperatures. Additionally, the absorption enhancement of partially coated BC is influenced by the absorbing volume fraction of the coating, with absorptive coatings reducing BC absorption enhancement. Understanding the impact of BC on wave absorption is essential for developing effective materials for applications requiring wave absorption, such as in microwave technologies and environmental studies.
How does black carbon affect precipitation?5 answersBlack carbon (BC) significantly impacts precipitation patterns. Studies show that BC influences precipitation changes differently based on its location and concentration. Increased BC levels globally can lead to a rise in precipitation, especially from remote BC aerosols. However, in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, a tenfold increase in BC is linked to reduced precipitation, particularly in summer, due to dynamic effects weakening zonal winds. Over West Africa, elevated BC concentrations are associated with decreased rainfall when the pollution-radiation feedback is activated, indicating a potential increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall in the future. Additionally, in East Asia, anthropogenic BC induces a "wetter south and drier north" pattern during summer, affecting moisture transport and precipitation primarily through changes in moisture sources like the tropical Indian Ocean.
Dope dyeing of lyocell fiber with NMMO-based carbon black dispersion5 answersDope dyeing of lyocell fiber with NMMO-based carbon black dispersion has been studied in several papers. Zhang Xia prepared water soluble ultrafine carbon black and encapsulated ultrafine carbon black suitable for dope dyeing of Lyocell fiber using direct dispersing method and emulsion polymerization method respectively. Dong Wook Chae et al. described the physical properties of lyocell fibers spun from an isotropic cellulose spinning dope in NMMO monohydrate. Jiang Lu et al. functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and prepared MWNTs/Lyocell composite fibers, which showed improved dispersion uniformity in NMMO aqueous solution. Neelesh Bharti Shukla et al. used black liquor-treated carbon black (BL-CB) to stabilize aqueous dispersions of carbon black for dope dyeing of viscose fibers, resulting in deeper color strength. Li Yubo et al. developed a Lyocell fiber based on polysaccharide grafted graphene, which exhibited excellent electrical and heat conducting performance, far infrared function, and anti-UV function.
How to disperse carbon nanotubes?4 answersCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be dispersed using various methods. One method involves using free arc excitation to generate high-energy flow density heat, which vaporizes the substance coated on the surface of CNTs and disperses the CNT aggregates, resulting in a highly dispersed CNT solution. Another method is to prepare a CNT dispersion solution by mixing CNTs in a dispersion solvent and a dispersant, extruding the mixture to obtain a CNT solid, and then injecting a second solvent to homogenize the CNTs. Additionally, functionalized CNTs can be mixed with a solvent and adjusted to a specific pH, followed by ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a stable CNT dispersion. Furthermore, graphene carbon dots can be used to disperse multi-walled CNTs, with the dispersion concentration adjustable based on the oxygen content of the graphene carbon dots. These methods provide ways to disperse CNTs for various applications.
Can i use carbon black for electrodeposition?3 answersYes, carbon black can be used for electrodeposition. Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) have been proposed as an electrode modifier for assisting electrodeposition of PB for non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide electrochemical sensing. Tantalum (Ta) nanoclusters have also been electrodeposited on carbon black (Ta/CB) for various electrochemical catalytic reactions. Additionally, carbon black with specific properties, such as high conductivity and hydrophobicity, has been used in lead acid batteries to enhance their performance. Furthermore, a carbon black for an electrode with a specific surface area and an acidic functional group has been developed to improve conductivity and battery performance. Carbon black has also been used as a catalyst layer for enhancing electron transfer in gas diffusion electrodes for the electroreduction of CO2.
What dispersing agents, surfactants, tensids are used for carbon black?0 answersDispersing agents, surfactants, and tensids used for carbon black include cationic surfactants such as N–tallow–1,3 diaminopropane dioleate (EN444), anionic surfactants like sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate (SDBS), and nonionic surfactants such as nonylphenol ethoxylates (NP 20 and NP 40) and Triton X‐100. Poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) is also used as a dispersing agent for carbon black. Additionally, graphene (G) can be dispersed in surfactant aqueous solutions, including non-ionic polyoxyethylene-23-lauryl ether (Brij L23), anionic sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB). These dispersing agents and surfactants are used to improve the stability, wettability, and adsorption behavior of carbon black dispersions in various applications.