Why age contributes to contraceptive use?4 answersAge contributes to contraceptive use due to its significant impact on decision-making and access to family planning methods. Studies from Bangladesh, Turkey, Brazil, and Indonesia highlight age as a crucial determinant. Older individuals, particularly those above 40, tend to use family planning methods more frequently. Younger women, aged 15-24, face challenges in accessing and correctly using contraceptives, leading to lower usage rates. Factors such as education, exposure to family planning programs, and desire for children also influence contraceptive use among different age groups. Therefore, age-specific family planning programs and tailored education initiatives are crucial to improving contraceptive uptake across various age brackets, addressing the unique needs and preferences of individuals at different stages of life.
What is the effects of early menarche according to proverawati et. al 2023?5 answersEarly menarche has been linked to various health outcomes and implications. Studies have shown that early menarche is associated with metabolic syndrome, endometrial cancer, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer, obesity, gestational diabetes, hypertension, endometriosis, ovarian cancer, asthma, and even death from all causes. Additionally, early menarche has been correlated with higher BMI, abdominal fat percentage, negative body image scales, and increased risk of insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with obesity. Furthermore, early menarche can impact sexual and reproductive health, potentially leading to unintended pregnancies, increased childbirth, and abortions in adolescents. These findings highlight the far-reaching effects of early menarche on various aspects of health and well-being.
What is menarche?4 answersMenarche is the first menstruation that occurs in girls during early adolescence as they enter the reproductive period. It is a marker for young women entering puberty and is a sign of maturity. Menarche is influenced by various factors including genetic factors, environmental factors, nutrition, and overall wellbeing. The age at which menarche occurs can vary, but it typically happens between the ages of 10-16 years. Girls who have a poor dietary level may reach menarche at a later age. The readiness of young women to face menarche depends on their physical and psychological preparedness. Lack of knowledge and negative attitudes towards menstruation can affect the readiness of students to face menarche. It is important to provide support and education to young women to help them navigate this significant milestone in their lives.
Is the age of menarche decreasing?4 answersThe age of menarche is decreasing. Studies from different countries, including China, India, Nigeria, South Korea, and Turkey, have shown a secular trend towards an earlier onset of menarche. In rural China, the average age at menarche declined from 16.98 years for those born in 1935 to 13.87 years for those born in 2000. In India, a decline in menarche age has been observed in recent years. Nigeria has also experienced a marked secular decline in menarche age from 15.02 years for girls born in 1933 to 13.78 years for girls born in 2003. In South Korea, exposure to particulate matter has been associated with a decrease in menarche age. In Turkey, the mean menarche age was 12.3 years, which is lower than previous literature. These findings suggest that the age of menarche is indeed decreasing globally.
Are there any factors that mediate the relationship between early menarche and suicidality in women?5 answersEarly menarche has been identified as a risk factor for negative psychological outcomes in women, including depression, delinquency, body dissatisfaction, and substance abuse. However, there is limited research on the specific relationship between early menarche and suicidality in women. One study found that women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), a condition characterized by severe physical and psychological changes during the luteal menstrual phase, were at a higher risk for suicidal thoughts, ideation, plans, and attempts. This risk was independent of psychiatric co-morbidities. However, women with PMDD did not have more severe risk profiles for suicide attempts or make more frequent attempts during the luteal menstrual phase compared to women without PMDD. Therefore, while early menarche may contribute to negative psychological outcomes, further research is needed to determine if it directly mediates the relationship between early menarche and suicidality in women.
At what age do females start producing estrogen?5 answers