What are the current advancements in genetic engineering techniques used for enhancing nitrogen fixation in wheat?
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Current advancements in genetic engineering techniques for enhancing nitrogen fixation in wheat include the modification of microbial genes to improve nitrogen fixation and the delivery of fixed nitrogen to crops . Additionally, the transfer of nitrogen fixation (nif) genes from diazotrophs like Klebsiella oxytoca, Azotobacter vinelandii, and Paenibacillus polymyxa to non-diazotrophs such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and even tobacco plants has shown promise in enabling cereal crops to fix nitrogen themselves . Furthermore, the innovation of CRISPR-mediated genome engineering has facilitated the alteration of the wheat genome, overcoming challenges like its complex genome and low transformation efficiency. Various delivery methods such as Agrobacterium-mediated, biolistic, PEG-mediated, and DNA-free editing have been utilized for efficient editing in wheat, leading to improvements in abiotic stress tolerance, biotic stress resistance, grain size, and quality .
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01 Jan 2021 3 Citations | Not addressed in the paper. |
21 Citations | Transfer of nif genes from diazotrophs like Klebsiella oxytoca and Azotobacter vinelandii to non-diazotrophic hosts like plants shows promise for enabling wheat to fix nitrogen efficiently. |
| Genetic modifications of nif gene cluster in microbes enhance nitrogen fixation for crops, including wheat, through upregulation of positive regulators and downregulation of negative regulators, and overexpression of structural genes. | |
| Advancements in wheat genetics research for enhanced nitrogen use efficiency include identifying transporter proteins, transcription factors, micro RNAs, and QTLs for improved nitrogen uptake, assimilation, and remobilization. | |
| Genetic engineering and functional genomics are utilized to enhance nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium-use efficiencies in wheat, as discussed in the paper. |
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