How violent and agressive content affect the behaviour?4 answersViolent and aggressive content in media, including video games, can have an impact on behavior. Research has shown that exposure to violent video games can lead to increased aggression, hostile attributions, aggressive cognitions, and aggressive behavior. The active participation and immersion in video games may facilitate greater learning and cognitive abilities, but the violent content can also negatively affect social and emotional outcomes, particularly in early adolescence. However, the effects of violent media on behavior may vary depending on individual factors such as personality traits and identification with violent characters. It is important to consider the context and motivations for media use, as well as the satisfaction of needs for competence and autonomy, in understanding the influence of violent content on behavior. Overall, while violent content may not be the sole determinant of aggression, it can contribute to increased aggression in certain individuals.
What is the relationship between drugs and crime?5 answersThe relationship between drugs and crime is complex and not clearly understood. Some studies suggest a relationship between drug abuse and crime, while others do not find a significant connection. Theoretical approaches explaining the drug-crime link include the psychopharmacological approach, the economic-compulsive approach, and the systemic approach. Drug use is one factor among many that may lead to criminal activity, and the extent and nature of the drug-crime connection require further investigation. The link between drug use and crime varies among different sub-groups of drug users, and it may not exist for the majority of drug-using non-offenders. Factors such as negative life events, age of onset for drug use, trouble with the police, school experiences, and coping strategies can predict criminality among drug users. The relationship between desistance from crime and recovery from drug use is also explored, highlighting overlaps in populations and mechanisms of change.
What are the main types of organised crime?5 answersOrganized crime can be categorized into different types based on various factors. One approach is to classify it based on the nature of organized crime groups and activities. The hierarchical model focuses on the structure of organized crime groups, while the local ethnic model emphasizes the ethnic background of the groups involved. The enterprise model views organized crime as entrepreneurial activity, where criminal opportunities are exploited based on market size and competition. Another way to classify organized crime is based on its organization structures. This includes criminal networks with no social support structure, those rooted in marginalised subcultures, those rooted in mainstream society, those with links to power elites, and criminal alliances between underworld and upper world or mafia-like organizations. Additionally, studies have identified different typologies of criminal organizations, such as organised criminal groups, mafia, and competitive criminal firms, as well as illicit networks based on ethnicity, activity, and market segment.
What are the different types of criminal law?5 answersCriminal law encompasses various types of offenses and legal principles. These include actus reus and mens rea, which refer to the physical act and mental state required for a crime to be committed. There are also inchoate offenses, which are preliminary or incomplete crimes. Homicide, non-fatal offenses against the person, theft, criminal damage, and sexual offenses are specific categories of criminal law. General defenses, such as age, insanity, automatism, intoxication, mistake, self-defense, duress, and necessity, are also important aspects of criminal law. Additionally, strict liability offenses do not require proof of intent or fault. Overall, criminal law covers a wide range of offenses and legal concepts, addressing the societal and ethical issues related to crime.
What is the difference between cheese cocaine and other types of cocaine?5 answersCheese cocaine is a specific form of cocaine that is typically mixed with other substances such as diphenhydramine and acetaminophen. It emerged as a problem in certain communities, primarily among first-generation Hispanic immigrants in Dallas. The use of cheese cocaine was associated with inhalation or snorting, and there was a risk of transitioning to injection drug use. Hispanic youth who used cheese cocaine were less likely to be injectors and reported fewer problems compared to their Anglo counterparts. They were also more likely to live with their families and receive support from them. The use of multiple data sources helped identify and monitor the outbreak of cheese cocaine, but retention in treatment and readmissions remained problematic. Successful treatment outcomes were hindered by cultural barriers and misunderstandings about the nature of treatment.
Why do individuals have violent behavior?4 answersViolent behavior in individuals can be attributed to various factors. Aggression, whether innate or acquired through social learning, arises from obstacles in achieving one's goals. Exposure to violence, whether in real life or through the media, can contribute to both short-term and long-term predisposing effects on violent behavior. The development of violent personality and acts of violence can be influenced by psychodynamic aspects, as well as the social and cultural context in which violence occurs. While the majority of individuals with serious mental illness are not more dangerous than the general population, there is evidence of a subgroup that is more prone to violent behavior, particularly those with a history of violent behavior, noncompliance with medications, and substance abuse. Psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, and substance abuse, can also increase the likelihood of violent behaviors, although demographic factors may be better predictors of violence.