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What are the most common indicators for predicting coronary artery diseases in smokers? 


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The most common indicators for predicting coronary artery diseases (CAD) in smokers include the expression level of miR-124-3p , anxiety sensitivity , angiographic profile showing occlusive CAD, particularly in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) , alterations in lipid profile, inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-a . Additionally, six core genes related to smoking and CAD were identified through bioinformatics analyses, serving as potential biomarkers for monitoring and predicting CAD risk in smokers . These indicators collectively provide valuable insights into the risk assessment and prediction of CAD in individuals who smoke, highlighting the multifaceted nature of the relationship between smoking and cardiovascular health.

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C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen levels are common indicators for predicting coronary artery disease in smokers, reflecting inflammatory responses essential for atherosclerosis development.
Most common indicators for predicting coronary artery disease in smokers include occlusive CAD (79.3%), LAD occlusion (43.8%), hypertension (37.8%), positive family history (40.2%), high LDL (53.7%), and diabetes (29.3%).
Six key genes related to smoking and coronary heart disease were identified: their expressions can serve as biomarkers for monitoring and predicting the risk of coronary artery diseases in smokers.
The most common indicators for predicting coronary artery diseases in smokers include heart attack, heart murmur, positive stress test, heart valve abnormality, angina, and heart failure.
The expression level of miR-124-3p in biological samples from smokers is a biomarker used to predict coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, or cardiovascular disease.

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