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What are the understory species of a forest? 


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The understory species of a forest vary depending on the specific forest type and location. In a study of 56-90-year-old pine stands, the most common understory species were mountain ash, buckthorn, and hazel . In gallery forests in the Brazilian Cerrado, the understory species included tree seedlings, shrubs, and lianas, with the transient component being the most diverse . In a subtropical forest in China, the understory herbaceous community consisted of 81 species belonging to 55 genera, with tropical elements dominating at the genus level . In Chinese fir plantations and natural secondary forests, the understory vegetation included shrubs, herbs, and bryophytes, with higher richness in natural and primary forests compared to plantations . In Zhanjiang, the understory species varied based on gap light factors, with different species acting as indicators for canopy openness, understory diffuse radiation, and understory total radiation .

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The paper does not provide information about the specific understory species of a forest.
The paper does not explicitly mention the specific understory species of the forest. However, it does mention that the understory vegetation in Chinese fir plantations and natural secondary forests consists of shrubs, herbs, and bryophytes.
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The paper does not explicitly mention the specific understory species of the forest. However, it does mention that the understory of gallery forests in the Brazilian Cerrado is composed of a diverse range of species, including tree seedlings, shrubs, and lianas.
The paper mentions that the understory species in the pine forests include mountain ash, buckthorn, hazel, barberry, prickly thorns, prickly hawthorn, European cowberry, elder, and bird cherry.

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