How much illegal unregulated and unrepoterd fisheries in Pakistan jas been faced challanges in 2020?5 answersIn 2020, illegal, unregulated, and unreported (IUU) fisheries in Pakistan faced significant challenges. The fisheries sector in Pakistan is crucial for the economy, providing direct employment to around 400,000 fishermen and 600,000 individuals in ancillary industries. However, the sector is plagued by issues such as overfishing, environmental degradation, lack of infrastructure, and inadequate policies. These challenges have led to a decline in seafood production and exports, with dwindling fish stocks and insufficient facilities at fish markets. The poverty-driven overfishing by artisanal fishers using banned nets exacerbates the problem, contributing to the degradation of marine resources. Addressing these multifaceted challenges is crucial for the sustainable development of the fisheries sector in Pakistan.
What are the current legal frameworks governing green maritime initiatives in shipbuilding and recycling in Pakistan?5 answersThe legal frameworks governing green maritime initiatives in shipbuilding and recycling in Pakistan face challenges. The National Maritime Policy (NMP) of 2002 lacks coherence with emerging sustainability needs. Green finance frameworks can aid in funding maritime energy transitions by mitigating risks associated with alternative technologies. Private governance contributions, like private certification, are increasingly important in addressing global sustainability issues, including ship recycling under the Ship Recycling Regulation. Pakistan's shipbreaking industry, while economically beneficial, lacks proper regulations for health, safety, and environmental protection, despite global efforts and conventions advocating for responsible ship dismantling. Aligning local regulations with international legal instruments, such as the Hong Kong Convention, is crucial for sustainable development in Pakistan's maritime sector.
How effective are current regulations in preventing greenwashing and what are the challenges faced by enforcement agencies?5 answersCurrent regulations play a crucial role in preventing greenwashing by firms. Environmental regulations and state ownership have been identified as effective mechanisms in mitigating greenwashing behaviors. However, challenges persist in enforcement due to factors such as weak institutional capacity, lack of clear authority, inadequate collaboration, and limited civic engagement in environmental compliance and enforcement systems. Additionally, the presence of imperfect green certification mechanisms and a lack of government supervision in countries like China contribute to the persistence of greenwashing practices among high-pollution enterprises and third-party green certification institutions. To address these challenges, a strict false claims ban regulatory policy is deemed necessary to eliminate intentional greenwashing in the market, emphasizing the importance of regulatory frameworks in combating deceptive environmental claims.
What are the main challenges to the governance of marine socio-ecological systems?4 answersThe main challenges to the governance of marine socio-ecological systems include the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and understanding of complexity. Fragmentation, knowledge gaps, lack of international cooperation and coordination, and ineffective enforcement are pressing challenges. Political boundaries and fragmented governance also pose challenges to ecosystem-based management. Additionally, the continuous adaptability required to navigate new governance systems is a key challenge in managing marine social-ecological systems. These challenges highlight the importance of recognizing the risk of surprise in social and ecological dynamics, fostering inclusive decision-making processes, and building capacity to understand and respond to change. Overall, addressing these challenges will require deeper understanding of marine socio-ecological systems and the development of constructive solutions that benefit multiple stakeholders.
What are the challenges in developing eco-ports and green shipping?2 answersThe challenges in developing eco-ports and green shipping include the need to reduce the environmental impact of maritime transport, such as pollution and CO2 emissions, and to comply with environmental standards. There is a growing recognition that shipping is not as environmentally friendly as previously thought, with concerns about greenhouse gas emissions and health-damaging pollutants emitted by ships. The current and planned regulatory regime for improving the industry's environmental footprint is outlined, highlighting the need for greater market regulation and technological innovation. Ports have a pivotal role to play in supporting the shipping industry's efforts to reduce its environmental impact, but they need to go beyond their traditional operational milieu. Efforts to achieve sustainability in ports have focused on sustainable ports, eco-ports, and green ports, but there is a need for integration and a maritime supply chain perspective to effectively achieve sustainability. The construction of green ports is considered a fundamental way to address the problems caused by climate change and promote sustainable development in the port industry.
What are the challenges in green shipping?1 answersThe challenges in green shipping include the need to decarbonize the industry in order to meet the goals of the Paris Agreement. Shipping activities have a significant environmental footprint, including air pollution and resource depletion. Public concerns about these environmental issues have been growing rapidly with the globalization of business activities. However, there is a positive association between greening and firm performance in shipping operations, indicating that shipping firms have the capability to improve their environmental and financial performance. To address these challenges, a solid regulatory framework is needed to regulate shipping practices and promote environmentally friendly operations. Additionally, shipping firms should pay more attention to the environmental and financial ramifications of their business routines, such as company policy and procedure, shipping documentation, shipping materials, and shipping design for compliance.