What is sexual symmetry in couples?5 answersSexual symmetry in couples refers to the concept of equality in genetic processes and mate selection based on certain physical traits. Studies have explored sexual symmetry in various contexts. Research on Austrocedrus chilensis trees found that most isozyme loci exhibited sexual symmetry across populations, indicating equal allelic frequencies in effective gametes. In human mate selection, facial symmetry has been linked to the good-genes theory of mate choice, with evidence of assortment for facial symmetry in couples from the UK and the US. However, claims of sexual symmetry in spousal violence have been challenged, highlighting discrepancies in self-report data and motivations behind violent acts. Overall, sexual symmetry in couples encompasses genetic, physical, and behavioral aspects of mate selection and relationship dynamics.
Why people get interested in chiral spin liquids?5 answersPeople are intrigued by chiral spin liquids due to their unique properties and potential applications. Chiral spin liquids are of great interest as they represent a topological state of matter with emergent phenomena in strongly correlated systems. Theoretical and experimental investigations have focused on detecting the electromagnetic signature of chiral quantum spin liquids to aid in their experimental detection, showcasing their clear electromagnetic response even in Mott insulator regimes. Furthermore, the interplay between topology and symmetry breaking in chiral spin liquids has led to studies on the physics of interfaces between domains with opposite chiralities, revealing non-universal properties and gapless edge modes at domain walls. These studies highlight the rich physics and potential technological implications of chiral spin liquids, driving the interest in exploring and understanding these exotic quantum states.
What is chiral superconductor?4 answersChiral superconductors are a unique class of unconventional superconductors where the superconducting order parameter winds clockwise or counter-clockwise in momentum space. They represent a topologically non-trivial system with implications for topological quantum computing. Intrinsic chiral superconductors are rare, with examples including heavy fermion metals (UTe$_2$, UPt$_3$) and perovskite superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. Chiral molecules with neither mirror nor inversion symmetry have been investigated, and a combination of superconductivity with chiral molecules may lead to a spin-polarized ground state for chiral superconductivity. Chiral superconductors break time-reversal symmetry and have circulating Cooper pairs around a unique chiral axis. NbGe${}_{2}$ is a type-I full-gap bulk chiral superconductor with Kramers-Weyl fermions and enhanced critical field. Chiral spin liquid states on the triangular lattice can exhibit topological superconductivity.
What are some examples of symmetry in molecules that are important for human life?3 answersSymmetry in molecules is important for various aspects of human life. One example is the symmetry of protein oligomers, which exhibit perfect point-group symmetry. This symmetry is crucial for the structure and function of proteins in living cells. Another example is the homochirality of proteins, where the arrangement of L-amino acids in chiral macromolecules plays a significant role in their functions. Additionally, molecular symmetry is important in X-ray crystallography, where intermolecular symmetry among groups of molecules is studied. Understanding and identifying intermolecular symmetries is essential for analyzing crystal structures. These examples highlight the role of symmetry in molecules and its impact on various biological processes and scientific studies.
What is the most common category for chirality related papers in nature communication?4 answersChirality-related papers in Nature Communications cover a wide range of topics. One common category is the study of chiral light-matter interactions and the enhancement of chiral optical responses. Another category focuses on the applications of chirality in various fields, such as biomolecules and chiral synthesis. Additionally, there are papers that discuss the fundamental aspects of chirality, including stereochemistry and the properties of chiral molecules. Some papers explore the communication and amplification of chirality information at the molecular and supramolecular level. Finally, there are papers that investigate the optical responses and fabrication techniques of geometrically chiral objects, such as plasmonic nanostructures.
How to calculate chirality of polarization?5 answersChirality of polarization can be calculated by analyzing the spatial polarization of electronic clouds in molecules and the spatial arrangements of atoms into chiral molecular structures. This concept connects chirality and polarization, showing that chirality, like charge, can be polarized. The polarization of chirality leads to fundamental consequences, particularly in the interaction of light with chiral matter. By creating chirality-polarized optical fields of alternating handedness, it is possible to control and quantify the enantio-sensitive response of chiral molecules. Additionally, unidirectional emission of light can be achieved using elliptical dipoles, which increases the area suitable for chiral interactions and improves coupling efficiencies. Chirality-locked valley polarization has also been demonstrated in photonic graphene, where a chiral source selectively excites one preferred valley depending on its chirality. These studies provide insights into the calculation and manipulation of chirality in polarization.