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What is conductivity range of conducting polymers? 


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The conductivity range of conducting polymers varies significantly based on different compositions and processing methods. For instance, polythieno[3,4-b]thiophene-Tosylate (PTbT-Tos) can exhibit electrical conductivity ranging from 0.0001 to 450 S cm^-1, with the potential to reach 4444 S cm^-1 at elevated temperatures . Another example is PEDOT:PSS, which has achieved conductivity levels around 3,000 S cm^-1, making it a candidate to replace transparent conductive oxides . Additionally, modifications to the classical Drude model have been proposed to explain the anomalous optical conductivity dispersion in conducting polymers, with the Drude-Lorentz model accurately fitting experimental data and providing insights into the electrical properties of thin films . Overall, conducting polymers can exhibit a wide conductivity range, from relatively low values to levels comparable to metals, depending on their specific structures and processing techniques.

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The conductivity range of conducting polymers spans from 0.41 meV in the THz range to 5.90 eV in the ultraviolet range, as studied using an ultra-wide spectral range ellipsometry.
Journal ArticleDOI
A.S.A. Khiar, Abdul Kariem Arof 
01 Aug 2010-Ionics
169 Citations
The conductivity range of starch-based polymer electrolytes is 2.83 × 10−5 S cm−1 at room temperature and 2.09 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 100 °C.
The conductivity range of conducting polymers based on (Cu1−xAgx)7GeSe5I solid solutions varies from 5.29 x 10^-4 to 3.21 x 10^-3 Scm at 298 K.
The conductivity range of conducting polymers can reach around 3,000 S cm−1, allowing them to potentially replace transparent conductive oxides.
Conducting polymers like PTbT-Tos can achieve high electrical conductivity ranging from 0.0001 to 4444 S cm-1, showcasing their potential for applications in organic electronics.

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How does temperature affect electrical conductivity of polymers?5 answersTemperature has a significant effect on the electrical conductivity of polymers. In some cases, an increase in temperature leads to an increase in conductivity. For example, the conductivity of PVA-Chloral Hydrate blends increases with increasing temperature up to 353 K. On the other hand, at sufficiently high temperatures, the current-voltage characteristics of Poly(diphenylene phthalide) (PDP) thin films are described by the injection model of currents limited by space charge. Additionally, the conductivity of insulating diblock copolymer systems filled with conductive fillers changes in response to temperature-induced changes in morphology. Furthermore, the thermal and electrical conductivities of conductive polymeric composites (CPCs) can have either a linear or nonlinear increasing behavior with increased temperatures, depending on the conduction mechanism. The conductivity of polymer electrolytes composed of PEO and sodium iodide also shows a linear variation with temperature, suggesting an Arrhenius-type thermally activated process.
What are the factors that affect the electrical conductivity of a material?5 answersThe factors that affect the electrical conductivity of a material include its structural state, chemical composition, content of alloying elements, presence of different types of phases, dislocation substructure, defect concentration, and defect mobility. In addition, external factors such as temperature, pressure, electrical field, moisture, and even smell can also influence the electrical conductivity of specific materials. For crystalline solids, the energy-band characteristics of the substance play a significant role in determining their electrical conductivity. Furthermore, in polymer-based composites reinforced with iron particles, factors such as temperature, current density, external applied load, and applied magnetic field can affect the electrical conductivity. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving the properties and performance of materials used in various applications.
How is the electrical conductivity of conductive composite measurent?5 answersThe electrical conductivity of conductive composites is measured using various techniques. Impedance spectroscopy is commonly used to measure the electrical conductivity of polymer composites based on solid solutions. In this method, the frequency dependence of the total electrical conductivity is obtained by measuring the impedance of the composite in a specific frequency range. Nyquist plots are constructed and analyzed to study the effect of cationic substitution on the electrical conductivity. Another method involves using a 4-in-line-probe dc electrical conductivity-measuring instrument to determine the electrical conductivity of composites. This method measures the electrical conductivity of compressed pellets of the composite material. The electrical conductivity is typically measured in the range of 10-4 to 10-2 S cm-1 and follows the Arrhenius equation. Overall, these measurement techniques provide valuable insights into the electrical conductivity of conductive composites.
What is the difference between redox polymers and conductive polymers?3 answersRedox polymers and conductive polymers are both types of polymers with electrochemical activity. However, there are some differences between them. Redox polymers are characterized by their mechanical flexibility, molecular diversity, and low cost, making them promising candidates for supercapacitor applications. They have diverse molecular structures and redox centers, which allow for efficient energy harvesting and storage. On the other hand, conductive polymers combine the mechanical properties of organic polymers with charge transport, opto-electronic, and redox properties. They can be easily tuned to have properties similar to semiconductors and metals. Conductive polymers have been widely used in opto-electronic devices, energy-conversion and storage systems, sensors, actuators, and biomedical applications. In summary, while both redox polymers and conductive polymers have electrochemical activity, redox polymers are specifically designed for supercapacitor applications, while conductive polymers have a broader range of applications.

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