What is limbic leucotomy?
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Limbic leucotomy is a neurosurgical procedure used to treat severe, treatment-refractory psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) . It involves the ablation or lesioning of specific brain regions within the limbic system, which is responsible for regulating emotions, memory, and behavior . The procedure aims to alleviate symptoms and improve functioning in patients who have not responded to standard pharmacological and cognitive behavioral therapies . Studies have shown that limbic leucotomy can lead to substantial benefits, with response rates ranging from 36% to 50% in patients with chronic severe MDD or OCD . However, there can be adverse consequences associated with the procedure, including affective, cognitive, and visceromotor sequelae, although these are generally transient . Overall, limbic leucotomy is considered a feasible treatment option for severe, treatment-refractory psychiatric disorders, particularly in cases involving self-mutilation behaviors .
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| Limbic leucotomy is a surgical procedure involving the creation of lesions in the lower medial quadrants of the frontal lobes and the anterior cingulum. | |
41 Citations | Limbic leucotomy is a neurosurgical intervention used to treat severe self-mutilation behavior associated with severe, intractable psychiatric disorders. |
43 Citations | Limbic leucotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat psychiatric illnesses, particularly obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It involves creating lesions in specific areas of the brain to disrupt aberrant circuits associated with psychopathology. |
93 Citations | Limbic leukotomy is a surgical procedure used to treat severe, treatment-refractory major depressive disorder (MDD) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). |
| Limbic leucotomy is a neurosurgical procedure that combines anterior cingulotomy and subcaudate tractotomy. It involves lesioning frontothalamic white matter tracts in the basal medial frontal lobes and the dACC. |
Related Questions
When lobotomy is currently used on patients?5 answersLobotomy is no longer a current practice in modern medicine. Historical studies, such as those conducted at Umedalen State Mental Hospital, shed light on the past use of lobotomy for various conditions, including chronic mental illness and intractable pain. The procedure was prevalent in the mid-20th century, with a significant number of patients undergoing lobotomy during that time period. However, present-day consensus views lobotomy as a treatment method that is no longer considered useful or ethical in medical practice. Current psychiatric therapy has evolved to focus on alternative treatments for mental disorders, moving away from the use of lobotomy. Therefore, lobotomy is not utilized on patients in contemporary medical settings.
What is the limbic system?4 answersThe limbic system is a collection of brain structures crucial for emotional processing, memory, and motivation. Initially conceptualized as a unified system, modern neuroscience reveals that its components serve diverse functions. Key structures include the cingulate gyrus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and septal nuclei. Anatomical variations in limbic structures like the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and amygdala have been observed, impacting clinical presentations and potential relationships with behavior. The limbic system comprises the hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and olfactory bulb, each contributing uniquely to emotional and memory processes. Originating from the term "le grand lobe limbique," the limbic system is linked to emotional, memory, and motivational processes, with specific disorders arising from lesions within its structures. Additionally, diffusion imaging data highlights the intricate connections of limbic structures like the anterior nuclear group of the thalamus, habenula, and mediodorsal nucleus to various brain regions, emphasizing their role in emotional regulation and memory.
What the definition of limbus infantium?5 answersThe term "limbus infantium" refers to a novel species of anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative coccus isolated from a Thai child's tongue biofilm. This strain belongs to the genus Veillonella and is distinct from other known species within the genus based on genetic sequencing and phenotypic characteristics. The newly identified Veillonella infantium strain primarily produces acetic acid as a major end-product under anaerobic conditions, fermenting lactate into acetic acid and propionic acid. This novel species was differentiated from closely related Veillonella species through partial gene sequencing and average nucleotide identity values, leading to its classification as a unique Veillonella strain named Veillonella infantium sp. nov.
How does progressive supranuclear palsy affect the limbic system?4 answersProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) affects the limbic system by causing neuronal degeneration and dysfunction in specific thalamic nuclei involved in the limbic and motor loops. Cholinergic dysfunction within the anteroprincipal (AP) and mediodorsal (MD) nuclei of the thalamus, which connect to limbic cortices, contributes to behavioral and cognitive disturbances associated with PSP. In addition, alpha B-crystallin-positive degenerating neurons, including ballooned neurons, are frequently observed in deep cortical pyramidal cell layers of the limbic and paralimbic systems in PSP. The involvement of the limbic and paralimbic systems may contribute to personality changes, memory impairment, and cognitive dysfunction in PSP. Furthermore, a variant of PSP called PSP-pallido-nigro-luysian atrophy (PNLA) can also affect the limbic system, with the presence of argyrophilic grains (AGs) in regions such as the amygdala, entorhinal cortex, and anterior cingulate gyrus. These observations suggest that limbic dysfunction plays a role in the symptomatology of PSP and its variants.
What type of patient is operated by craneotomy?4 answersThe type of patient operated by craneotomy is not explicitly mentioned in the abstracts provided.
Are the dorsal raphe nuclei part of the limbic system?5 answersThe dorsal raphe nuclei are part of the limbic system. They have connections with different limbic structures involved in the formation of various emotional states. The dorsomedial subregion of the dorsal raphe nucleus is particularly important in this regard, as it is implicated in the circuitry targeted by psychotherapeutic agents that act through neuropeptide systems such as corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors. This subregion contains CRF-containing neurons that are co-transmitters with serotonin, as well as dendrites laden with immunoreactivity for NK1 receptors. Additionally, axons from the dorsomedial dorsal raphe nucleus project to CRF-containing neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala, further implicating this subregion in emotional responses.