What is the connection between qualia and sentience?5 answersQualia are the phenomenal properties of sensations and perceptual states, giving them their qualitative character. Sentience refers to the capacity for subjective experiences, including those with positive or negative valence. There is a connection between qualia and sentience, as qualia are considered to be the properties of conscious experience, such as the way things look, taste, or sound. The capacity for subjective experiences, or sentience, is often associated with the presence of qualia. The supervenience of qualia on neural activity is considered in the context of cognitive neuroscience, where the nonlinear and all-or-none character of neural firing justifies the privileged position of neural activity in studying the mind. The challenge of understanding sentience in animals, such as fish and invertebrates, can be addressed through precautionary thinking and drawing inspiration from the science of human consciousness. The hypothesis that conscious observers deviate from quantum dynamics adds motivation for further quantum experiments involving quantum observers.
What is sentience and consciousness?4 answersSentience refers to the ability to perceive and feel things, including sensations and emotions generated by stimuli. It encompasses both primitive and complex experiences, such as hunger, injury, hope, despair, love, and hate. Consciousness, on the other hand, involves the cognitive processing of incoming information in the light of past experience, which may or may not involve feelings. It is the more complex aspect of the mind that deals with awareness and understanding. While sentience and consciousness are related, they can be distinguished based on the nature of the experiences and cognitive processes involved. Sentience is often used to describe subjective experiences with a positive or negative valence, such as pain or pleasure, while consciousness encompasses a broader range of cognitive functions. The study of sentience has been explored within various frameworks, including Buddhist philosophy, metacybernetics, and thermodynamics. Understanding the distinction between sentience and consciousness is crucial for addressing questions of moral status and ethical treatment of animals.
What is the definition of subjectivity in arts?4 answersSubjectivity in arts refers to the individual's unique perspective and interpretation of their experiences and the world around them. It involves the expression of one's personal thoughts, emotions, and imagination through artistic creation. The artist's attempt to capture and convey the subjective experience of a character or their own identity is a central aspect of subjectivity in arts. Subjectivity in arts is also linked to the idea of music or art as a living being, with a first-person perspective that requires active participation for interpretation. It encompasses the role of the artist as a creator and agent of cultural change, challenging established rationales and destabilizing social, historical, and political structures. The concept of subjectivity in arts extends to the importance of artistic education in recognizing and nurturing students' affective awareness and artistic thinking.
What does human-centricity mean?3 answersHuman-centricity refers to the approach of designing and developing technology with a focus on human needs, wellbeing, and the common good. It involves considering the interests, issues, and needs of people involved in the entire lifecycle of a product or technology. Human-centric design aims to create desirable and emancipatory technology that promotes human wellbeing and societal benefit. This approach goes beyond simply realizing human and fundamental rights, as it also emphasizes the importance of technological emancipation and social sustainability. In the context of public AI governance, human-centricity involves expanding the traditional user-centered view of technology design to include community- and society-centered perspectives. It requires inclusive governance modalities that enhance the social sustainability of AI deployment, including mutual trust, transparency, communication, and civic tech. Human-centricity is crucial for the success of any venture, as it recognizes the significance of the employee as a knowledge worker and essential success factor of a company. In the context of wearable computing, human-centric design is a major challenge that needs to be addressed for the ubiquity and future success of wearable devices.
What is the definition of subjectivity?3 answersSubjectivity refers to the notion that everyone has a sense of self and their own experiences. It is the understanding and interpretation of one's own unique perspective and the world around them. Subjectivity can be seen in various contexts such as literature, music, science fiction, and user-generated data. In literature, subjectivity is explored through characters' experiences and their interpretation of those experiences. In music, subjectivity is described as the experience of music as a living being, with a first-person perspective. In science fiction, subjectivity is expanded to include marginalized groups and even non-human entities. In the field of question answering, subjectivity plays a role in understanding user-generated data and its impact on performance. Overall, subjectivity is a complex concept that involves personal perspectives, interpretations, and experiences in various domains.
What is the people-centrism?3 answersPeople-centrism refers to the extent to which "the people" are the focus of attention in a politician's discourse. It is a discourse characteristic that is frequently analyzed in studies on populism. Traditionally, the number of references to the electorate has been used as the indicator for measuring people-centrism. However, recent research suggests that analyzing the way politicians refer to "the people" and the strategic use of perspective or attributed viewpoint can provide additional insights into people-centrality in political discourse. Implementing integrated people-centred systems at scale faces barriers and challenges, as it requires a radical cultural and systemic change. The shift from patho- to salutogenesis represents a profound paradigm shift that touches the core of our systems. In the context of primary healthcare delivery, empowering and mobilizing Community Health Workers (CHWs) has proven to be beneficial. However, the success of such programs depends on realistic expectations, proper planning, and adequate support for CHWs. The person-centered approach (PCA) focuses on the individual and their experiences, and this chapter provides an overview of the life of Carl Rogers, the founder of PCA, and the major theoretical concepts associated with it.