What is epipolar geometry in photogrammetry?5 answersEpipolar geometry in photogrammetry refers to the geometric relationship between two images taken from different viewpoints. It is a fundamental concept used in computer vision and photogrammetry to solve the stereo vision problem and reconstruct the 3D geometry of a scene. The epipolar geometry is based on the epipolar constraint, which is represented by the fundamental matrix in computer vision and the relative orientation in photogrammetry. Different methods, such as projective and Euclidean solutions, have been proposed to solve the epipolar geometry problem. The epipolar lines, which represent the intersection of the image planes with the epipolar plane, play a crucial role in epipolar geometry. They can be computed by matching feature points or using temporal signatures of lines in video sequences. Epipolar resampling methods have also been developed to eliminate vertical disparity between stereo images.
How can photogrammetry be used to assess the damage caused by an earthquake?5 answersPhotogrammetry can be used to assess the damage caused by an earthquake by utilizing various techniques. One approach is to extract building properties, such as spatial characteristics and age, using tilt photogrammetry and machine learning algorithms. These properties are then used to determine the seismic performance and carry out earthquake damage prediction. Another method involves using VHR satellite images and deep learning algorithms, such as UNet, to identify and map the damage of buildings caused by the earthquake. Additionally, Convolution Neural Network (CNN) models can be adjusted to extract earthquake-damaged building information, enabling rapid extraction of building damage based on a deep learning network model. Furthermore, a photogrammetry-based structural damage detection method can be employed, where a visible laser line is projected onto a structure and anomalies in curvature mode shapes are used to detect and map structural damage.
What is roll angle in photogrammetry?3 answersRoll angle in photogrammetry refers to the rotation of the camera around its optical axis. It is an important parameter that affects the accuracy and correctness of geodata produced from aerial images. Various methods have been proposed to measure roll angle in photogrammetry. One method involves using a pair of splitting pentagonal prisms and corner-cube prisms to generate parallel collimated beams and measure roll angle based on differential measurement. Another method utilizes a common path polarization interferometer with a Zn-indiffused lithium niobate waveguide phase modulator to measure roll angle change based on the phase delay between orthogonal polarizations. Additionally, a digital speckle pattern interferometry method has been developed to measure roll angle by analyzing the phase distribution information caused by rolling of an object surface. Furthermore, a roll angle calibration method for a camera has been proposed, which involves extracting vertical lines from recorded images and calculating the roll angle based on these lines.
What method has been used in softcopy photogrammetry?3 answersSoftcopy photogrammetry utilizes various methods for image processing and analysis. One method used is the newly developed Hierarchical Predictive Coding (HPC) approach, which offers faster compression speed compared to the standard JPEG algorithm. Another method involves the use of template matching and least squares matching (LSM) techniques for fully automatic interior orientation (AIO) in digital photogrammetric systems. Additionally, a novel scanning concept called the "invisible reseau" is employed to convert film-based photography into pixel arrays, allowing for high-resolution sensing in softcopy-based digital photogrammetry. The concept is implemented in the VX-series of scanners, which support interactive zoom-based scanning with sub-pixel accuracy. The C-factor, an empirical value based on the precision of photogrammetric instrumentation, is also used in softcopy photogrammetry to determine flying height and contour intervals.
What is photogrammetry?3 answersPhotogrammetry is a technique used to obtain a reliable database of any physical object by creating a digital 3D model using multiple photos taken at different angles around the object. It involves processing a set of images to compute the spatial reconstruction of a scene or object, allowing for measurements or reconstructions of the observed object. Photogrammetry has been used in various fields such as topography, architecture, engineering, medicine, and dentistry. It has also played a significant role in government-supported geomedia infrastructure and spatial information capture. The advantages of photogrammetry include the ability to record the shape of an object quickly and accurately without contact, as well as the generation of models that can be displayed without textures. Overall, photogrammetry is a method that utilizes photographs to derive three-dimensional data about objects or terrain from two-dimensional imaging.
What is the best photogrammetry software?2 answersPhotogrammetry software packages were compared in several studies. Bentley ContextCapture was found to have the least error in control points and Pix4Dmapper had the least error in check points. Pix4D had the best geometric accuracy, closely followed by Photoscan Pro. Microsoft Image Composite Editor (ICE) had fewer visual errors and was the least expensive option. PhoX, a software package developed for teaching photogrammetry, provides a wide range of visualization tools and analysis functions for standard tasks. Based on these findings, Bentley ContextCapture, Pix4Dmapper, and Photoscan Pro are recommended for geotechnical investigations and rock mass characterization. For most unmanned aerial systems (UAS) photogrammetric applications, ICE is the best option unless high geometric accuracy or 3D images are required.