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What is the impact of shear on the microstructure and mechanical properties of API? 


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Shear has a significant impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of various materials. For instance, in the case of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), different micromeritic properties obtained through crystallization under varying conditions led to distinct tableting behavior, with batches having greater surface irregularity and porosity resulting in tablets of higher mechanical strength . Similarly, in the context of associative polymer solutions, mechanical shear caused a decrease in apparent viscosity, viscosity-average molecular weight, and hydrated particle dimensions, leading to damage in molecular chains and association structures, ultimately resulting in reduced solution viscosity . Additionally, shear-assisted processing and extrusion (ShAPE) techniques have shown improvements in properties such as increased yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and ductility in materials like copper wire, attributed to refined microstructures and grain sizes achieved through shear processing .

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Shearing in Accumulative Back Extrusion refines grain structure and enhances mechanical properties of commercially pure aluminum through grain boundary strengthening and Orowan dislocation mechanisms, but reduces elongation.
Shearing reduces mechanical and colloidal stability, weakens structural strength, and loosens microstructure of lithium complex grease, impacting tribological, rheological, and noise properties.
Shear in ShAPE process refines copper wire's microstructure, creating equiaxial grains. This results in 80% higher yield strength, 15% higher ultimate tensile strength, and 20% higher ductility compared to annealed wire.
Shear causes degradation in associative polymer solution microstructure, reducing viscosity, molecular weight, and particle dimensions. Recovery is limited, impacting mechanical properties of the solution.
The micromeritic properties of an API, influenced by crystallization conditions, affect its compaction behavior and mechanical strength, rather than shear's impact on microstructure and mechanical properties.

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