How does bureaucratic theory influence public administration and governance?4 answersBureaucratic theory has a significant influence on public administration and governance. It shapes the behavior and culture of bureaucratic structures, which are the foundation of modern political order and civilized political life. Bureaucratic structures intervene in governance processes, creating a systematic bias that affects the characteristics and outcomes of governance. Bureaucracy is often associated with conservative and traditional forms of behavior, emphasizing career interests and power struggles within organizations. However, the proper implementation of bureaucratic structures can contribute to reducing performance issues in public organizations. Bureaucratic discretion is a key concept in public administration and management, as it allows for policy implementation and influences policy outcomes. The exercise of bureaucratic discretion is influenced by administrative constraints, demands from the population served, and the beliefs and culture of bureaucrats. Overall, bureaucratic theory shapes the structure, behavior, and decision-making processes within public administration, impacting governance outcomes.
How can bureaucratic control be used to improve employee performance?5 answersBureaucratic control can be used to improve employee performance by providing a framework of rules and structures that guide their behavior and actions. This control mechanism ensures that employees follow standardized work processes and only require intervention from managers in exceptional circumstances. However, excessive use of bureaucratic control can lead to inefficiencies and reduced performance. To address this, a trust-based model of control can be implemented, where discretion is utilized as a tool for implementation and bureaucratic activity is monitored and controlled in a less intrusive manner. It is important to recognize that multiple mechanisms of control may be necessary, depending on the context and organizational goals. While bureaucratic control measures may not lead to significant improvements in individual performance, they also do not appear to be harmful. Therefore, a balanced approach that combines bureaucratic control with cultural control, fostering commitment to organizational goals, can be effective in improving employee performance.
What are the most effective ways to reduce corruption in politics?5 answersThe most effective ways to reduce corruption in politics include implementing effective accountability mechanisms, promoting transparency, ensuring good institutional design, and promoting ethically robust processes and expectations. Additionally, appropriate training for employees to uphold corruption-curbing standards and professional conduct is important, as well as robust procedures to govern conflicts of interest. Independent oversight and monitoring are crucial for sustained success in reducing corruption. Forming social action coalitions and strong coalitions of stakeholders, including sector professionals, civil society organizations, and communities, can also be effective in addressing corruption. Furthermore, neutral law, fair law enforcement officials, responsive community legal culture, and bureaucratic empowerment are fundamental issues that can help prevent corrupt behavior. Finally, reducing corruption in the justice system can directly lead to a reduction in corruption in politics.
What is approach of Institutionalism policy making and public administration?3 answersInstitutionalism in policy making and public administration takes a broad perspective on institutions, considering both formal rules and organizations as well as informal rules, norms, and habits. It recognizes that institutions shape the behavior of public administrations and influence their decision-making processes. The new institutionalism approach emphasizes the historical legacies of institutions, the socialization of organization members, and the role of institutions as incentive structures to increase trust and compliance. It also explores how public administrations adapt to major institutional trends and how institutions function as cultures of communication. However, it is noted that institutionalism has often neglected the political aspects of the interaction between institutions and agency, which should be further explored in future research and theoretical development. Institutions play a crucial role in shaping public policies, structuring the flow of information and ideas, providing stability, and defining the functioning and relationships of organizations and actors in the policy-making process.
How can accountability be used to safeguard against administrative corruption?1 answersAccountability can be used to safeguard against administrative corruption by holding individuals and organizations responsible for their actions and ensuring transparency and oversight. It can be achieved through external control, such as rewards and punishments, and internal control, such as felt responsibility. Implementing accountability measures in software development processes and system designs can help improve security and defend against attacks. In the context of political careers and electoral accountability, accountability can incentivize politicians to behave ethically and select better candidates for higher office. By stamping out corruption at lower levels of office and improving selection for higher office, accountability can help prevent administrative corruption and benefit voters.
How bureaucracy implement in our organization today.?1 answersBureaucracy remains the predominant form of governmental organization in much of the world today, despite movements towards debureaucratization, contracting out, privatization, and networking. However, there has been a proliferation of new organizational forms that attempt to achieve the benefits of rationalization without incurring the costs associated with bureaucratic administration. The use of bureaucratic structures by public organizations has brought significant advances, but it has also been seen as inefficient. The problem is not bureaucracy itself, but the excesses of its use. Bureaucracy rationalizes reporting relationships, procedures, careers, and compensation, but it is also fraught with dysfunctions such as resistance to change, power struggles, and the tendency to elaborate structure and process. The end of bureaucracies is seen as a major challenge in the transformation of companies and organizations in the coming years.