Increase in cigarette excise taxes?5 answersIncreasing cigarette excise taxes has been proven to be an effective tobacco control policy. Studies show that such tax increases lead to a decrease in cigarette consumptionand smoking-related mortality, with significant effects observed in low- and middle-income countries. For instance, a 20% excise tax increase can reduce cigarette consumption by 5% and increase excise tax revenues by 14% in low- to middle-income countries. Moreover, simulations suggest that with an average annual cigarette price increase of 9.51%, cigarette consumption could decrease by 3.56%, while tobacco tax revenue could increase by 16.20% in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, implementing higher cigarette excise taxes, as seen in various regions like West Africa and the United States, can lead to significant reductions in smoking rates and related health risks.
Is there a tax on consumption of goods?5 answersYes, there is a tax on the consumption of goods. Indirect taxes, which are taxes on consumption, are levied on selected commodities and non-renewable resources, as well as on luxuries. These taxes are collected at the factory gate and are known as production taxes. Examples of indirect taxes include selective excises on demerit goods, such as alcoholic beverages and tobacco products, as well as value-added taxes (VAT) and goods and services taxes (GST) that are collected at every stage of production and distribution, including retail. The purpose of these taxes is to eliminate cascading and ensure that tax is collected at every stage of the supply chain.
What are the different impacts of the stores?5 answersStore characteristics and strategies have various impacts on different aspects of the in-store experience and consumer behavior. The impact of in-store interventions on food purchase behavior is small but significant, with pricing and targeting fruits and vegetables having the largest effect. In the context of fashion retail stores, product quality and in-store music are the most important characteristics that affect the in-store experience, while product range has a negative impact. Organized retailers' strategies, such as service and promotion, have a major impact on traditional/unorganized retailers, who need to redesign their business models. Brand experience, including ambient conditions and store layout, positively affects consumers' buying behavior and propensity for loyalty. Store design and ambience, such as window and mannequin display, visual merchandising, and store design and atmosphere, have an effective impact on shoppers' purchase decisions.
How do price increases affect household budgets?3 answersPrice increases have varying effects on household budgets depending on the income level and the elasticity of demand for energy. For energy as a whole, budget shares often decline with income, making taxing energy not ideal for income distribution. However, commercial fuel consumption increases greatly with income, so subsidies applied would largely benefit nonpoor urban households. In no instance does energy spending exceed 10 percent of the typical household budget for any income group. The effect on industry is generally modest, as many industries can substitute when energy prices increase. Energy price increases reduce the drain on public resources significantly, helping to reduce public deficits. Overall, the effects on inflation and growth in national income are not severe, and income growth rates were generally higher during the years of energy price increases than before.
How does inflation impact the rates of taxes in selected sari-sari store owners?4 answersInflation can impact the rates of taxes for selected sari-sari store owners. The study by ###Elkina### analyzes the inflationary effect of tax rate changes in Russia and finds that a cut in indirect tax rates, such as the value added tax (VAT), can have an impact on inflation. This suggests that changes in tax rates can influence the overall price level, including the prices of goods and services, which can affect the rates of taxes for sari-sari store owners. Additionally, the study by ###Olarewaju et al.### highlights the importance of considering inflation changes and applying inflation accounting techniques in financial statements for retail stores. This implies that inflation can have an impact on the financial performance of retail businesses, which can in turn affect the rates of taxes for sari-sari store owners. Therefore, inflation can indirectly influence the rates of taxes for selected sari-sari store owners through its effects on prices and financial performance.
Why street food vendors fail to comply tax?3 answersStreet food vendors fail to comply with tax regulations due to a lack of alignment between tax laws and the evolving purposes of street markets and vendors. The current tax law and policy have not kept pace with the changing dynamics of street markets, which include goals such as access to healthy food. Additionally, the abstracts do not provide specific reasons for non-compliance with tax regulations by street food vendors.