Where is parathyroid hormone produced?
Best insight from top research papers
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced by the parathyroid glands, which are located adjacent and behind the thyroid gland . The parathyroid glands continuously regulate serum calcium levels by secreting PTH in response to low calcium levels in the blood . PTH plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the body . It acts on various organs, including the bones, kidneys, and small intestines, to regulate calcium and phosphate levels . PTH secretion is tightly regulated through a negative-feedback loop, where increased calcium levels in the blood suppress PTH release . PTHrP, a related peptide, is also involved in calcium regulation but is expressed in most tissues of the body and acts locally as a paracrine/autocrine factor .
Answers from top 5 papers
More filters
| Papers (5) | Insight |
|---|---|
01 Jan 2015 1 Citations | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is primarily produced in the parathyroid chief cells, as mentioned in the paper. |
| The parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced in the parathyroid gland, which is located posteriorly to the thyroid in the middle aspect of the anterior neck. | |
| Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced by the parathyroid glands, as mentioned in the abstract of the provided paper. | |
| The parathyroid hormone is produced from the four parathyroid glands located adjacent and behind the thyroid gland. | |
3 Citations | The paper states that parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced in ectopic PTH-producing cells that exist in adipose tissues surrounding the parathyroid glands in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). |
Related Questions
Where is substance p produced?5 answersSubstance P (SP) is produced in various locations within the human body. Tenocytes, primary fibroblastic tendon cells, have been shown to produce SP in response to mechanical loading, indicating a role in tendinopathy development. Additionally, dendritic cells (DC) have been found to produce SP, contributing to T cell proliferation induced by DC or T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. In the hypothalamus, SP has been identified in close association with growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)-immunoreactive neurons, suggesting a role in regulating growth through direct synaptic contacts. Furthermore, SP has been observed in neurons co-expressing neurokinin B (NKB) and kisspeptin (KP) in the infundibular nucleus, indicating a complex regulatory role in the pulsatile release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
What are the effects of Gs-alpha peptide mimetics on parathyroid hormone secretion?5 answersGs-alpha peptide mimetics have been shown to regulate parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. Mastoparan-X, a peptide that binds to alpha-subunits of Gs, is a selective activator of Gs and stimulates GDP/GTP exchange on G proteins. Fluoride ion (F-) has been found to inhibit PTH release, and its inhibitory effect is potentiated by Al3+, suggesting mediation via G proteins. Additionally, F- produces a concentration-dependent inhibition of cAMP accumulation, which is a second messenger involved in PTH secretion, and activates phospholipase C, leading to the accumulation of IP, IP2, and IP3. These findings suggest that Gs-alpha peptide mimetics can modulate PTH secretion through their effects on G proteins and intracellular second messengers.
Does COX-2 regulate parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression?5 answersCOX-2 does not directly regulate the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) according to the available abstracts. However, the abstracts provide information on the role of PTHrP in various biological systems. PTHrP is involved in the growth, development, and remodeling of bone or cartilage, and it acts through its receptor PTH1R. PTHrP can generate different isoforms with distinct C-terminals, and these isoforms play a role in controlling viability, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in normal and pathological biological systems. The expression of PTHrP may be affected by factors such as abnormal occlusal load in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). However, there is no specific mention of COX-2 regulating PTHrP expression in the provided abstracts.
Where serotonin is produced?5 answersSerotonin is produced in various locations in the body. It is synthesized from the aromatic amino acid tryptophan via the enzymes aromatic amino acid hydroxylase (AAAH) and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) in eukaryotes. In humans, serotonin is produced in the gut and in the brain, playing a critical role in the regulation of multiple body functions. Additionally, serotonin is produced by enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and secreted into the blood, where it functions in numerous biological processes. Serotonin-producing tumors can also arise in the pancreas. Furthermore, isolated giant serotonin-containing neurons in the cerebral ganglia of Helix pomatia have been shown to produce serotonin. Overall, serotonin is produced in the gut, brain, pancreas, and certain neurons in different organisms.
What is the role of parathyroid economy in the prevention of osteoporosis?5 answersParathyroid hormone (PTH) plays a crucial role in the prevention of osteoporosis. PTH is effective in reducing spine and non-vertebral fractures in both men and women, making it a safe and reliable treatment option. Primary hyperparathyroidism, characterized by sustained increases in PTH levels, is associated with increased rates of bone loss, particularly from cortical sites in the skeleton. PTH therapy, when given as a single agent, induces consistent gains in trabecular bone mass and shows varying effects on the cortical envelope. Additionally, PTH therapy in combination with antiresorptive agents can stimulate bone formation and increase bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with established osteoporosis. Pharmacotherapy with zoledronic acid, a PTH analog, has been shown to effectively treat osteoporosis by reducing the risk of new fractures and improving quality of life. Overall, the role of parathyroid economy, particularly PTH, is crucial in preventing and treating osteoporosis by promoting bone formation and reducing bone loss.
Most important hormone which is manufactured by the thyroid gland?2 answersThe most important hormone manufactured by the thyroid gland is thyroxine (T4). Thyroxine is converted into the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3) in target tissues. T3 is the hormone that has the most biological activity and is responsible for controlling metabolism, growth, and other bodily functions. While T4 is the main hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, about 80% of total plasma T3 production is actually converted from T4 extrathyroidally, with only 20% being secreted by the thyroid gland itself.