What are safe doses of vitamin b12?5 answersSafe doses of vitamin B12 vary depending on the context. Studies suggest that a high dose of vitamin B12 (50 mg/L) administered orally showed protective effects against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice without adverse effects. However, concerns have been raised regarding high-dose treatment with neurotropic B vitamins like B12, particularly in relation to potential side effects like neurotoxicity. Additionally, the safety of vitamin B12 additives produced by specific strains of Ensifer adhaerens has been a topic of discussion, with uncertainties initially raised due to endotoxin content and user safety risks. Therefore, it is crucial to consider the specific context and purpose when determining safe doses of vitamin B12, taking into account factors like the form of administration, underlying health conditions, and the source of the supplement.
Cancer and vitamin b125 answersVitamin B12 has been studied in relation to cancer in several papers. The association between plasma vitamin B12 concentrations and cancer is inconsistent across studies, except for liver cancer. Vitamin B12 intake from food or supplements also shows inconsistent associations with cancer. However, there is no evidence to suggest that high plasma vitamin B12, high B12 intake, or treatment with pharmacological doses of vitamin B12 are causally related to cancer. In terms of cancer treatment, vitamin B12 supplementation has been found to be effective in reducing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy when used as an adjunct therapy. Elevated serum vitamin B12 levels have been negatively associated with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients. Further research is needed to understand the role of vitamin B12 in cancer and its potential impact on treatment outcomes.
What is the relationship between vitamin D and testosterone in men?4 answersVitamin D levels have been found to be associated with testosterone levels in men. Several studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation can improve hypogonadal symptoms and increase testosterone levels. In men with type 2 diabetes mellitus, those with hypogonadism have lower vitamin D levels compared to those without hypogonadism. Testosterone deficient diabetic males also have significantly lower vitamin D levels and a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies found a slight positive association between vitamin D and testosterone levels, particularly in patients with frailty states. However, a study in young, healthy men did not find a significant relationship between vitamin D levels and testosterone levels. Overall, while there is evidence suggesting a relationship between vitamin D and testosterone, further research is needed to fully understand the nature of this relationship.
How can vitamin B1 help cells make energy?5 answersVitamin B1, also known as thiamine, helps cells make energy by acting as a catalyst in the generation of energy through the decarboxylation of branched-chain amino acids and alpha-ketoacids. It also acts as a coenzyme for transketolase reactions, which are involved in the production of energy from glucose. Thiamine pyrophosphate, the active form of vitamin B1, plays a crucial role in these processes. Additionally, thiamine is necessary for the normal function of the nervous system, visual system, and heart, and is part of important enzymes in the body that enable the normal use of glucose, other carbohydrates, and proteins, providing energy to the organism. Deficiency of vitamin B1 can affect the cardiovascular, nervous, and immune systems, leading to conditions such as wet beriberi, dry beriberi, or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
What are the health benefits of vitamin b15?5 answersVitamin B15, also known as pangamic acid, has been studied for its potential health benefits. Research has shown that vitamin B15 can decrease cholesterol levels in the stomach, intestines, and liver of rabbits. However, it is important to note that the Food and Drug Administration considers pangamic acid to be an untested food additive with no medical or nutritional usefulness. In a study on rats, the addition of vitamin B15 to the diet increased the degree of fatty infiltration in the liver. Controversies still exist regarding the therapeutic effects of pangamic acid, and some preparations or components of pangamic acid may be detrimental to human health. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks associated with vitamin B15.
What vitamins can I take to increase my sperm count?9 answers