Showing papers on "ATA over Ethernet published in 2022"

High-Efficiency Encryption and Authentication Network Security for Automotive Ethernet

Abstract: Automotive ethernet has the advantages of high bandwidth, low latency, and strong compatibility, which meets the needs of new energy vehicles for the development of network integration. Automotive ethernet can not only solve the problem of increased wiring harness and complicated wiring in the intelligentization of automotive electronics, but also can improve the comfort, reliability and multiple safety of the car. Although the car is connected to the smart phone, Bluetooth, Internet and other network systems to improve the driving pleasure for the driver, but it brings hacker attacks, security loopholes and other car network security problems that cannot be ignored, which seriously affects the safe driving of the car, personal privacy, and even endanger public safety. In this paper, we focus on the need for the network security of automotive ethernet, and analyses problem in encryption authentication algorithm. An improved AES-128 encryption algorithm and an improved MD5 authentication algorithm are proposed innovatively. Through the experimental simulation of CANoe.Ethernet, the improved AES-128 encryption algorithm proposed in this paper is 15% more efficient than the traditional encryption algorithm, and the improved MD5 authentication algorithm is 4 times faster than the traditional authentication algorithm. Thus, the active network security performance of automotive ethernet is further improved.

Automotive Ethernet Architecture for the Connected Dacia Logan Electric Vehicle

Abstract: Automotive Ethernet is an ideal choice for high-speed buses within modern vehicles, used by Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), multimedia, navigation, telematics. This paper analysis the advantages of using Automotive Ethernet in vehicles. For a Dacia Logan Electric Vehicle (EV), converted from a classical vehicle with Internal Combustion Engine (ICE), an Ethernet network architecture is proposed for the communication between different Electronic Control Units (ECUs). To gather data from the vehicle's Controller Area Network (CAN), a CAN to Ethernet gateway is developed based on Raspberry Pi. To send data to a web server, an industrial Teltonika RUTX09 mobile router with Ethernet interface is used. Different measurements are performed for acquiring data from the CAN bus, or to investigate the network performances of the mobile Internet Service Provider (ISP). Finally, signal integrity of Ethernet bus is measured and analyzed.

Recognizing Automotive Ethernet Device by Extracting Fingerprint from Power Spectrum

Abstract: With the development of modern cars, the auto-motive Ethernet has become a backbone network of the in-vehicle network in recent years. The open interfaces of the automotive Ethernet increase risk of being attacked. Device fingerprints identification can be used for the access authentication by utilizing the hardware characteristics of the devices. The signals are intertwined with random data from the both sides of communication which improves the difficulty of feature extraction in Ethernet devices. We propose a feature extraction method based on power spectrum for the 100BASE-T1, in which the feature can be utilized for the coupled signals and remove the influence of the random data. We built the automotive Ethernet device identification platform based on 100Base-T1 with 10 devices to be identified. According to the test, the recognition rate is above 95% when we take the average of 1000 segments' power spectrum with 1024 sample points.

Security and Forensic Analysis for Industrial Ethernet Protocols

Abstract: As the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution has begun, the industrial Ethernet share of smart factories increased significantly as the compatibility of protocols, which are problems with existing field buses, improved. However, as the share of the Industrial Ethernet has increased, security concerns have also increased. In this paper, we explore security issues, anomaly detection, and network forensics technologies that may arise after analysis for the Industrial Ethernet protocols such as Ethernet/IP, PROFINET, CC-Link/IE, and RAPIEnet, etc. Through the previous analysis, we propose about the security issues that must be carried out in the Industrial Ethernet Protocol in the future.

Ethernet Communication over IP Transport for Industrial and Private Cellular Network

Abstract: Current industrial networks and protocols heavily rely on Ethernet connectivity and in some cases TCP/IP is only used for Ethernet station discovery while all further communication takes place using native Ethernet. One example of such industrial Ethernet protocol is Profinet and its low latency variant Profinet RT. However, in a cellular network such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, a UE is only provided an IP address by the System Architecture Evolution Gateway (SAEGW). This IP only connection is called bearer in LTE, does not natively enable Ethernet communication which is required to enable industrial Ethernet communication over cellular networks. To enable Ethernet communication over any IP transport, our paper introduces a solution to transport the message from UE to Ethernet Host without using encapsulating original Ethernet frames as such. It simplifies network configuration and maintenance by eliminating active signaling protocols and static configurations (tunnels) and results in less overhead for transporting the Ethernet frames and maintaining the infrastructure. This would directly benefit industrial connectors as the operational overhead of manual GRE tunnel management could be eliminated.

Modbus/TCP data acquisition system based on Industrial Ethernet technology

Abstract: In the industrial environment production, the Modbus/TCP data acquisition system with Industrial Ethernet technology is designed for the problems of slow data transmission rate, incompatible communication protocols and media and short distances of traditional data acquisition equipment. With embedded ARM as the controller and Industrial Ethernet as the communication module, Industrial Ethernet Modbus/TCP is used as the communication protocol. The device is compatible with O~5V, 4~20mA sensor meter access, with the characteristics of simple wiring, high real-time and long transmission distance. After the functional integrity of the system and Ethernet performance test shows that the acquisition system is able to collect a wide range of sensor data analogue and digital, with remote and fast transmission capability, and has a positive effect on the realisation of the industrial network to the end.

A Coarse-Grained Reconfigurable Array Based Ethernet Reliable Transmission Design

Abstract: With the development of information technology, there is an increasing demand for high data transmission speed and reliability. Especially in scenarios such as Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE), conventional Ethernet cannot meet the requirements of packet loss-free service. In order to provide reliable Ethernet transmission, additional link layer control mechanism for 100G Ethernet is introduced in this paper, and is implemented with coarse-grained reconfigurable array (CGRA). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method realizes the link layer reliable transmission of Ethernet packets, and has the advantages in terms of processing speed and flexibility.

Ethernet for High-Throughput Computing at CERN

Abstract: When high throughput and utilization of fabric at close-to-the-link capacity are most needed in a cluster, Ethernet is a potential candidate, rivaling traditional HPC interconnects. The distributed real-time data acquisition at particle physics experiments presents an interesting use case. This article evaluates possible Ethernet-based solutions for aggregating data from hundreds of data sources at a throughput of dozens of Tb/s. This leads us to many-to-one data exchanges where we strive for a cost-optimized setup sustaining more than 80 % of the theoretical link-load. We investigate possible Ethernet-based traffic patterns to handle data acquisition on large multi-source apparatuses. Different numbers of producers and receivers and different link speeds are allowed in a large-scale network. Performance tests were conducted using customized benchmarks and evaluation test benches. The article presents tested scenarios and problems encountered in practice. We describe how our findings influenced the design of a large production system at CERN. We also present relevant general conclusions for a broader range of applications of Ethernet in HPC.

A Device Using Voice Over Ethernet

Abstract: One of the typical challenges faces in bigger institutes like Schools, colleges or academic institutions is to communicate to a larger audience conveniently. This paper talks about the solution to the challenge of developing a system that is scalable and adaptable using simple voice signal data compression techniques and existing wired Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) LAN network infrastructure at the premises. This system helps in broadcasting an announcement to a larger audience at distance and followed by questions and answers. This is a typical requirement where ISDN-based expensive solutions are not required. The motivation behind this solution is usually any big institute will have wired ethernet connectivity installed for other data communication. A simple system developed using a development board that contains analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter, enough compute power for speech data compression. This system records voice, converts it into digital data, reduces inherent redundancy in the data using a simple compression technique, and either broadcasts or point-to-point communication over the ethernet network using Unix sockets

Ethernet and Automobiles

Abstract: This chapter is devoted to the features of automotive Ethernet. In order to have a clear understanding of how this technology has emerged, it offers the essential overview of industrial Ethernet. Ethernet technology has become totally independent of individual manufacturers, which partly accounts for its popularity. The most widely used method to prevent collisions, which provides an almost deterministic Ethernet, is to create unique collision domains for each node. The chapter discusses the most widely used Ethernet variants, beginning with half- and full-duplex modes. It examines the consequences of the dawn of Ethernet for new vehicle hardware architectures. There are multiple specifications that shape the specific evolution of the physical layer in automobile networks: bandwidth, determinism, reliability, safety, and cost. Time-sensitive networking improves standard Ethernet communication by adding new mechanisms to ensure timely delivery, to satisfy the requirements of real-time operation.

Virtual CANBUS and Ethernet Switching in Future Smart Cars Using Hybrid Architecture

Abstract: Smart cars have gained much attention in recent years due to the introduction of several safety and convenience features. In this paper, we propose a virtual CANBUS architecture that will improve the safety and data processing in future smart cars with the hybrid use of Ethernet technology deployed in conjunction with a CANBUS system to take advantage of the virtualization, speed, and quality of data processing. Data will be routed intelligently across the dual data paths of the traditional CANBUS and the Ethernet. The virtualized nature, with the help of a series of smart nodes and network traffic analyzers, will allocate the needed resources at the right time during the execution of different processes. This enables the possibility of routing data traffic over both Ethernet and CANBUS connections. The architecture is backward compatible with older vehicles and therefore takes advantage of the existing CANBUS system. The proposed architecture ensures that different segments are isolated from each other so that a breakdown in a segment does not bring down the entire system. The experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed solution, which is to switch between two data pathways depending on the traffic loads. While the CANBUS is sufficient with low-bandwidth data, the Ethernet will create a better performance with high-bandwidth processes. The virtualized environment creates virtual topologies among communicating nodes, greatly simplifying the network management and enhancing the data traffic performance as the bandwidth requirement and the number of processors in future smart cars continue to scale.

Priority Based Ethernet Handling in Real-Time End System with Ethernet Controller Filtering

Abstract: This work addresses the impact of best-effort traffic on network-dependent real-time functions in distributed control systems. Motivated by the increased Ethernet use in real-time dependent domains, such as the automation industry, a growth driven by Industry 4.0, interconnectivity desires, and data thirst. Ethernet allows different network-based functions to converge on one physical network infrastructure. In the automation domain, converged networks imply that functions with different criticality and real-time requirements coexist and share the same physical resources. The IEEE 60802 Time-Sensitive Networking profile for Industrial Automation targets the automation industry and addresses Ethernet network determinism on converged networks. However, the profile is still in the draft stage at the time of writing this paper. Meanwhile, Ethernet already provides attributes utilized by network equipment to prioritize time-critical communication. This paper shows that Ethernet Controller filtering with prioritized processing is a prominent solution for preserving real-time guarantees while supporting best-effort traffic. A solution capable of eliminating all best-effort traffic interference in the real-time application is exemplified and evaluated on a VxWorks system.

The Application of Ethernet and its Network Software in A Computer Control System

Abstract: This paper, with the help of engineering examples to express the application of Ethernet in computer control system, proves that Ethernet has good reliability, then studies the principle of Ethernet local area network in transmission control, and finally introduces the specific application of DECNET network software for reference.