Showing papers on "Current collector published in 1999"

Plating metal negative electrodes under protective coatings

Abstract: A method for forming lithium electrodes having protective layers involves plating lithium between a lithium ion conductive protective layer and a current collector of an “electrode precursor.” The electrode precursor is formed by depositing the protective layer on a very smooth surface of a current collector. The protective layer is a glass such as lithium phosphorus oxynitride and the current collector is a conductive sheet such as a copper sheet. During plating, lithium ions move through the protective layer and a lithium metal layer plates onto the surface of the current collector. The resulting structure is a protected lithium electrode. To facilitate uniform lithium plating, the electrode precursor may include a “wetting layer” which coats the current collector.

Ultracapacitor current collector

Abstract: An ultracapacitor having two solid, nonporous current collectors, two porous electrodes separating the collectors, a porous separator between the electrodes and an electrolyte occupying the pores in the electrodes and separator. At least one of the current collectors comprises a conductive metal substrate coated with a metal nitride, carbide or boride coating.

A printed circuit board separator for an electrochemical fuel cell

Abstract: A proton exchange membrane (PEM)-type fuel cell is formed from layered undulate MEA structures and separator plates (20) alternating with each other in the stack dimension so that each layered MEA structure is disposed between and attached to an associated pair of separator plates so as to form at least one discrete conduit on each side of each layered MEA structure through which conduit reactant gas may be circulated. Each layered MEA structure is formed from proton exchange membrane material sandwiched between a pair of spaced-apart current collectors with electro-catalyst particles between the membrane material and each current collector so that the membrane material and electro-catalyst particles fill the space between the current collectors, forming together with the current collectors a layered MEA structure. Each separator plate (20) is formed from a non-conductive substrate (21) overlaid on each surface by a selected pattern of conductive paths (36, 37), paths on one side of the substrate being connected by vias to paths on the other side of the substrate, the paths being attached to the current collectors (22, 24) of the layered MEA structures on either side of the separator plate.

Multi-element fuel cell system

Abstract: A multi-element fuel cell system comprises a substantially cylindrical former (2), a rechargeable hydrogen fuel source (3) and a plurality of fuel cell elements (4). The former comprises a series of interconnecting modules each perforated to allow passage of fuel to the fuel cell elements. Each fuel cell element (4) is positioned radially outwardly of the former (2) and is provided with channels, arranged to receive and direct fuel gas, an anode current collector, a gasket (12), a first diffusion backing layer (8), a membrane electrode assembly (10), a second diffusion backing layer (9) and a cathode current collector (11). The cathode current collector applies even compression to the fuel cell element, such that good electrical contact is maintained within each fuel cell element. The fuel cell elements are electrically connected in series via respective anode and cathode current collectors and then capped at each end of the former for connection to equipment. The former and current collectors have substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion and the fuel source is coupled to the fuel cell elements. The system is suitable for man-portable applications.

Process for producing an electrode for a battery

Abstract: A process for producing an electrode for a battery, wherein electrode active material layers are firmly formed on both surfaces of a current collector for the electrode. An electrode coating containing an electrode active material, a binder, a solvent and an acid is applied to one surface of an electrode current collector, then dried, and the other surface of the current collector is cleaned with water, and the electrode active material layer is formed on the other surface of the current collector.

Examination of the Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Current Collectors in Lithium/Polymer Batteries

Abstract: The corrosion behavior of aluminum, a candidate material for the current collectors of the positive electrodes of lithium-polymer batteries, in contact with a lithium polymer electrolyte was examined in both batteries and three-electrode electrochemical cells. The results indicate aluminum is resistant to uniform corrosion in the polymer electrolyte: poly(ethylene oxide)-LiN(CF{sub 3}SO{sub 2}){sub 2} but can be susceptible to pitting corrosion. Localized pitting corrosion occurs on the aluminum current collector during overcharging of the battery. Pitting corrosion only occurred in the electrochemical cells when the aluminum electrode was anodically polarized to potentials that were considerably greater than those that resulted in pitting corrosion in batteries. The greater susceptibility of the aluminum current collectors of batteries to pitting corrosion is attributed to inhomogeneous current flow through the current collector. This results in local breakdown of the passive film on aluminum at sites of locally high current density. The inhomogeneous current density that flows through the aluminum/cathode interface is caused by the presence of discrete paths through the cathode with low electrical resistance. In an effort to improve the localized corrosion behavior of aluminum electrodes, it was found that surfaces impregnated by ion implantation with {approximately}20 atom % tungsten exhibited enhanced resistance tomore » pitting corrosion in poly(ethylene oxide)-LiN(CF{sub 3}SO{sub 2}){sub 2}.« less

Fully solid secondary battery and its manufacture

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To widen usable temperature range and improve energy density per weight of a battery by coating a battery element excluding a current collecting part with a heat resistant resin. SOLUTION: A solid electrolyte 2 is interposed between a pair of positive electrode 1 and a negative electrode 3, current collectors 4, 5 are connected to the outsides of the electrodes 1, 3, current collector terminals 7, 8 are formed by working positive and negative current collectors 4, 5, covered or packed with an insulative case 9, and a battery element is coated with a heat resistant resin to form a coating outer case 6. As the heat resistant resin of the coating outer case 6, either one or composite resin selected from, for example, polyimide, polyhydantoin, polyamide imide, ester imide, heat resistant polyester and polyester is used. By coating the battery element excluding the current collecting terminal parts with the heat resistant resin, reliability on heat resistance and moisture resistance, for example, is enhanced, and a battery can be used in a wide temperature range.

Current collector for a SOFC fuel-cell pile

Abstract: A current collector for a SOFC fuel-cell pile including a base body made from a first heat-resistant ferrite alloy which contains chromium and aluminum and has an aluminum content of more than 2 wt %, the base body defining guide ducts for feeding fuels, and at least one contact element made from a second heat-resistant ferrite alloy which contains chromium and has an aluminum content of less than 2 wt %, the at least one contact element being fastened facing away from the base body at the end of a ridge of the base body, which bounds a side wall of a guide duct. In a fuel cell provided with electrodes and the current collector, the volatilization of chromium oxides is largely suppressed, while adequate electrical conductivity of the contact points between the current collector and the electrodes are simultaneously ensured.

Foam collector for electrochemical cells

Abstract: An improved current collector for electrochemical cells is formed of a conductive porous foam. The foam is preferably a nickel foam as is often used as an electrochemical cell substrate. The high porosity foam's compressibility and resiliency provide an adaptive contact surface which accommodates variations in the shape and position of electrodes and other circuit elements. By using this material as an improved current collector, electrochemical cells are more easily produced with reduced internal resistance. Improved methods of assembly are a result of the nature of the high porosity foam material and its compliance. The foam collector may be used as a pressure connection or welded to the spiral edge of jelly-roll electrode assemblies. To increase effective contact area and also improve resistance to vibration forces, portions of the collector are compressed in a radial space between a jelly-roll assembly and the surrounding container. Foam current collectors according to the invention also have a low profile increasing the productive volume of the cell. The foam collector may be connected to the spiral edge of negative or positive electrodes of standard jelly-roll configuration cells. The advantages of reduced resistance are particularly beneficial to high drain rate cells such as nickel-metal hydride cells.

Flexible thin battery

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flexible thin battery such that battery characteristics such as battery capacity, battery resistance, and appearance are not adversely affected even after it has been repeatedly bent and twisted. SOLUTION: This battery comprises a positive electrode current collector 2 having a terminal 1 at which a positive electrode active material 3 is placed, a separator 8 made of a polymer solid electrolyte, and a negative electrode current collector 4 having a terminal 6 at which a negative electrode active material 7 is placed, and an electrically insulating member is placed at a portion where at least the terminal of the positive electrode current collector overlaps with the negative electrode current collector. The battery is sealed by a flexible electrical insulating member (B) in such a way that it encloses the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector.

Electrochemical fuel cell having an undulate membrane electrode assembly

Abstract: A PEM-type fuel cell is formed from layered undulate MEA structures (25) and separator strata (20) alternating with each other in the stack dimension so that each layered MEA structure is disposed between and attached to an associated pair of separator strata so as to form at least one discrete plenum on each side of each layered MEA structure through which plenum reactant gas may be circulated. Each layered MEA structure is formed from proton exchange membrane material (14) sandwiched between a pair of spaced-apart current collectors (22, 24) with electro-catalyst particles between the membrane material and each current collector so that the membrane material and electro-catalyst particles fill the space between the current collectors, forming together with the current collectors a layered MEA structure. Each separator stratum is attached to and provides an electrically conductive path between the current collectors of the layered MEA structures on either side of the separator stratum.

Lithium secondary battery and manufacture of positive electrode plate thereof

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce corrosion of a current collector by an active material, and to reduce separation and falling-out of the active material from the current collector by using the current collector by applying boehmite treatment to the surface as at least one of plates for positive/negative electrodes before applying paste containing an electrode active material to the current collector composed of a metallic foil. SOLUTION: The thickness of a coating film formed on the current collector surface by boehmite treatment is preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, and a current collector by applying chromate treatment to the surface instead of the boehmite treatment is also suitably used as a positive electrode plate. After being impregnated in a 12 cc/l solution of triethanol amine on 30 μm aluminum foil which a positive electrode current collector as the boehmite treatment, it is dried at 100°C for 4 hours, and the surface is reformed to form an oxide film. The thickness of the coating film is desirably 0.5 to 5.0 μm, and when the thickness of the coating film is smaller than 0.5 μm, surface reformed effect cannot be obtained to a sufficient degree. COPYRIGHT: (C)2000,JPO

Method for treating metallic aluminium and copper current collector for secondary cell

Abstract: Aluminium for a current collector and a copper current collector for lithium secondary cell are treated with an asidic, basic, or neutral aqueous solution, and a conductive polymer film is formed as occasion arises. Hence, the surface area is large, and the bonding strength with the active material layer is improved, thus providing a current collector for use in fabricating a lithium secondary cell having excellent charging/discharging characteristics.

Secondary battery and its current collector

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a current collector for a secondary battery formed into a thin film, having high open pore rate and moreover formed into an arbitrary pore pattern, and the secondary battery using the collector SOLUTION: A secondary battery, such as an alkaline secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery, is constituted using a current collector formed as electrolyzed foil provided with a large number of meshed pores 2 of triangular shapes, hexagonal shapes or the like, and having 50 μm or less for film thickness and 10% or more for open pore rate A fine particulate layer formed by a smaller current density than a forming current density for an electrodeposition layer main body is provided along the separation face of the electrodeposition layer main body of the foil and its electrodeposition growth face

Composite electrode including ptc polymer

Abstract: A composite electrode (18) for a rechargeable lithium battery is described. The composite electrode has a metallic current collector (12) in contact with an electrically conducting organic polymer laminate (14) made of a blended and annealed polymeric mixture containing fine carbon particles, and coated with an electrode-active substance bearing layer (16). The conducting polymer is capable of reversible resistivity changes of several orders of magnitude in only a portion of the laminate, thereby reducing locally excessive current flow and over-heating in the rechargeable lithium battery.

Electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery or nonaqueous electrolyte capacitor

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the binding property of an electrode current collector and an active material and to provide a superior cycle characteristic by forming the current collector with an insulating material having the volume specific resistance value of a specific value or above, and providing an insulating layer with the thickness in a specific range. SOLUTION: A current collector, having an insulating layer coated with an insulating material in advance, is used. The current collector is made of a conductive material, and it is arbitrarily selected according to its use for a positive electrode or a negative electrode respectively. A material having a volume specific resistance value of 100 Ωcm or above, preferably an organic insulating material or a polymer insulating material, is used for the insulating material. The insulating layer applied to the surface of the current collector preferably has a uniform thickness, and the average film thickness is set to 0.01-10 μm. A silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, an aluminum coupling agent, a fluorine polymer, or a diene polymer can be cited for the insulating material.

Method of manufacturing whole solid secondary battery

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form a current collector capable of contacting an electrode made of a sintered body and usable over a wide temperature range by applying a conductive material to the outside of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and heating at a specified temperature or higher but below the baking temperature of the electrodes to form the current collector to bond them SOLUTION: A conductive material is applied to the outside of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and heated at 200 degC or higher but below the baking temperature of the electrodes to bond them The conductive material is preferably conductive paste containing one or more kinds of Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ni, Al, Cu, or Ti, or an alloy of them as the main component The conductive material is preferable to fix to the electrode with an inorganic oxide such as low melting point glass for example Use of the inorganic oxide is suitable from the standpoint of jointing electrodes at a high temperature or coating the outer case at a high temperature compared with the use of resin paste

Lithium battery and current collector used in it

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the electricity conducting area in a conductive part small to suppress calorific value, and suppress temperature rising inside of a battery to ensure safety by arranging an insulating film whose both surfaces are coated with a conductive material as a current collector, and forming holes passing through the insulating film containing the conductive material on both sides. SOLUTION: A current collector 21 of a negative electrode or a positive electrode 20 is formed by vapor-depositing a conductive material 23 on both sides of an insulating material 22. For example, an aluminum layer having a thickness of about 3,000 Å is formed by vapor deposition. The insulating material 22 has a thickness of about 10 μm, a length of about 300 mm, and a width of about 40 mm. The specified number of through holes H having a diameter of about 1-5 mm are formed in the current collector 21. A pasty positive electrode mixture 24 is applied to the conductive material 23 on both surfaces and to the inside of the through holes H. The positive electrode mix 24 having a thickness of about 120 μm is formed on both surfaces. Even if a nail is stuck in a battery or outside pressure is applied to the battery, ignition or burning of the battery is prevented to increase safety.

Manufacture of lithium secondary battery

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve a charge/discharge cycle life by removing an oxide film on one face or both faces of an aluminum current collector, and carrying a positive electrode material including an active material on the face removed with the oxide film in the no-oxygen atmosphere. SOLUTION: A positive electrode 1 is composed of a positive electrode current collector 4 and a positive electrode layer 5 stuck to both faces of the positive electrode current collector 4. An oxide film on both faces of the aluminum porous current collector 4 is preferably removed by an etching process or a blast process, for example. The etching process is conducted by dipping the current collector 4 in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, for example. The blast process is conducted by spraying alumina grains to both faces of the current collector 4 at a high speed. A paste, which is prepared by mixing an active material, a polymer with a function for holding a nonaqueous electrolyte, a conductive material and a plasticizer in an organic solvent such as acetone, is applied to both faces of the current collector 4 in the no-oxygen atmosphere, or a positive electrode sheet formed with a film of the paste is stuck to the current collector 4.

Tubular electrochemical unit

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tubular electrochemical unit in which current can be collected well with low resistance even when an organic solvent based electrolyte is used and even when the current collector is broken partially without sacrifice of the characteristics as electric double layer capacitor or lithium ion secondary battery. SOLUTION: A pair of positive and negative electrodes where a polarizing electrode substance containing layer or an active substance containing layer is formed at least on one side of a rectangular current collector are superposed through a separator and wound to produce an electrode body of winding structure which is then contained in a container along with electrolyte and a current is led out from each electrode to the outside of the container. In such a tubular electrochemical unit, the current collector has an aspect ratio (long side/short side) of 5 or above and the polarizing electrode substance containing layer or the active substance containing layer is not formed at least one end on the long side of the current collector but exposed parts 1a, 2a of the current collector are left as conductive parts for leading a current to the outside of the container.

Manufacture of battery electrode and battery electrode

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve adhesion of a metallic current collector and a conductive high polymer active material layer, and provide sufficient strength and an electrode characteristic by applying a paint liquid by dispersing a conductive high polymer active material in a solvent to a porous metallic current collector, and realizing high density by pressurizing it after drying. SOLUTION: It is desirable to realize high density by pressurized it after being dried by respectively applying a paint liquid by dispersing a conductive high polymer active material in a solvent one or more times to the obverse and the reverse of a porous metallic current collecting body. The porous metallic current collector is desirable to be a porous metallic current collector having an average hole diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm and the opening ratio of 10 to 50%. Metal having large strength and high electric conductivity is desirable as a construction material of the current collector, and a material by forming stainless steel, nickel, copper and aluminum in a porous plate shape having a thickness of about 10 to 30 μm is desirable. A conductive high polymer such as polyaniline, polypyrrole and polythiophene can be used as the conductive high polymer active material. Electrode capacity can be controlled by adjusting an applying quantity of the paint liquid.

Current collector for battery and battery using it

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To strengthen adhesion with an electrode active material, reduce deformation caused by the expansion/contraction of the active material attendant on charge/discharge, and increase the cycle life and the energy density of a battery using this current collector by forming many holes having the specified diameter in the part except for periphery on the long side of a metal foil by punching. SOLUTION: Many holes are formed in the part except for the peripheral part 3 in the long direction in a rectangular metal foil 1 used in a current collector for a battery by punching. The diameter of the hole 2 is preferably 1-3 mm, more preferably 0.2-2 mm. This metal foil is used as a current collector 4 of a positive electrode and a negative electrode. An electrode active material is applied to the both surfaces of the current collector 4, dried, pressed to form the positive electrode and the negative electrode. A separator is interposed between the both electrodes, they are wound, the wound body is put in a can, an electrolyte is poured in the can, and the can is sealed to obtain a lithium ion battery. The shape of the hole 2 formed in the metal foil 1 is not limited to a circle, may be polygonal, elliptic, or star-shaped.

Current collector trolley for current collector lines

Abstract: A current collector trolley for traveling inside a current contact line of a type having a bottom formed longitudinally with a slot and accommodating therein current conductor rails in longitudinal direction, includes a base body extending through the slot to the outside and having sliding contacts forced into contact with the conductor rails during operative mode and electrically connected outside the current contact line to a multicore collector cable. The base body is made of plastic material and has embedded therein at least one flat electric conductor extending across the base body from top to bottom and having upper and lower ends. The upper end of the conductor is positioned in proximity of one of the sliding contacts and electrically connectable thereto, and the lower end of the conductor extends downwards to project out of the base body for electric connection with a core of the collector cable.

Positive electrode for lithium secondary battery and lithium secondary battery using the same

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain good electrical contact between an active material layer and a current collecting layer by arranging a conductive adhesive layer between the positive active material layer, comprising a positive electrode material capable of absorbing/releasing lithium ions and a binder, placed on the current collector and the current collector. SOLUTION: At least one conductive material selected from among the group comprising silver, nickel, and carbon is contained in a conductive adhesive layer 12 in order to increase conductivity. The conductive adhesive layer 12 can be arranged on both surfaces of a positive current collector 11. As the constituting material of the conductive adhesive material layer 12, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide resin, and styrene-butadine resin can be cited. The content of the conductive material is preferable to be 2.0-20.0 wt.% based on the weight of the conductive adhesive layer 12, and the thickness of the conductive adhesive layer is preferably 3.0-10.0 μm. The average particle size of the usable conductive material is about 0.5-3.0 μm. The thickness of a positive electrode including the current collector is suitably about 50-200 μm.

Nonaqueous secondary battery electrode sheet and nonaqueous secondary battery using this

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve stability in the manufacture of an electrode and improve the precision of the electrode dimension by specifying the length of a non- application part having no mix layer on each side of a current collector to the longer electrode part having a mix layer on one side. SOLUTION: The length of a non application part having no mixture layer on each side of the current collector of a nonaqueous secondary electrode sheet is set to 1% or more and 15% or less to the longer part having a mixture layer on one side. An electrode mixture layer 22a is formed on the upper surface of a current collector 21, and an electrode mixture layer 22b is formed on the lower surface. The upper surface of the current collector 21 has an application part B1 of electrode mixture and non-application parts A1, A2. The lower surface of the current collector 21 has an application part D1 of electrode mixture and non-application parts C1, C2. Each non-application part is extended from the current collector end part to the center. An electrode lead 23 is connected to the non-application part A1 on the upper surface of the current collector 21 by welding.

Adapter for current collector rails

Abstract: The invention relates to an adapter for current collector rails, especially for maintaining installation equipment in distribution boards, comprising a base (2) consisting of insulating material, in which contact elements (4) for collecting current from current collector rails (6) are arranged. The inventive adapter also has fixing means for fixing to the current collector rails (6) by clamping and intelligent elements (8) with connection elements (10) to enable data to be exchanged between the assembled installation equipment and other equipment. According to one possible configuration of the invention, the base (2) is connected to a module (12) containing intelligent elements (8). The base is connected to said module (12) on its side oriented away from the current collector rails (6), in such a way that it can pivot.

Electrochemical cell with sintered anode of metallic particles and oxides

Abstract: Anode (1) for an electrochemical cell and method for the production thereof. This anode consists of a mixture of electron- and ion-conducting particles. The ion-conducting particles consist of oxides. The anode is made up in such a way that that part (3) of anode located close to the electrolyte (2) comprises small oxygen-ion-conducting particles, whilst the part (4) located closer to the current collector comprises coarser oxide particles. By this means it is possible to provide for optimum adaptation to the various requirements which are imposed in respect of the behaviour of the anode located at the electrolyte or at the current collector (6).

Cylindrical fuel cell with solid electrolyte

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylindrical fuel cell with solid electrolyte which can enhance the mechanical and electrical connections of the current collector of one cell with the fuel electrode layer of another cell. SOLUTION: A cylindrical fuel cell with solid electrolyte is structured so that an air electrode layer 1 and a fuel electrode layer 3 are formed on the inner surface and outer surface, respectively, of a solid electrolyte layer 2 in cylindrical form and has a current collector 4 exposed at the outer surface, wherein a recess 9 of 10-30 μm deep is formed at the outer surface of the current collector 4, and a metal plating film 11 of 0.3-15 μm thick is formed on the outer surface of the collector 4.

Air electrode and air cell

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the increase of internal resistance even when a preservation period is prolonged by applying a catalyst layer reducing oxygen over a current collector made of a metal material, and specifying the center line average roughness of the surface of the current collector. SOLUTION: When the surface roughness Ra of the current collector 2 of an air cell 1 is set to 10-100 μm, the current collector 2 bites into a catalyst layer 3, and the contact between the current collector 2 and the catalyst layer 3 can be made firm. The current collector 2 is made of a material having conductivity has holes on the surface and back face of a flat plate-like metal wire mesh or an expand metal. A material having strong mechanical strength and excellent corrosion resistance is desirous for the material of the current collector 2. Fe-Ni-Cr stainless steel is used for the material. Plating is applied to the surface of the current collector 2, and nickel or tin is used for the material. The mechanical strength and electric conductivity of the current collector 2 can be reconciled.