Showing papers on "Damages published in 2024"

Liability and Compensation of Offshore Oil Pollution Damage in the Arctic

Abstract: This book is an essential contribution to understanding Russian law for English speakers. In a time when the energy markets in Europe are changing away from Russian dependence on oil and gas, Dr Svendsen explains what the legal consequences will be if we would experience cross-border harm as a result of an oil spill from offshore installations on the Norwegian and the Russian side of the sea border in the Barents Sea. This book examines Russian and Norwegian rules governing liability, choice-of-law, recognition and enforcement, damage, third-party losses, environmental harm, and valuation of environmental harm.

T-2 Toxin (Trichothecene Mycotoxins) Attack

Abstract: Historically, the possibility of using mycotoxins as a chemical weapon exists. With the expansion of terrorism, the use of T-2 as weapons has become a real threat. There are three likely attack scenarios using T-2 mycotoxin as an agent of terrorism. The first is product tampering; substantial human and economic damages caused by T-2 mycotoxin to contaminate premade consumer products may be the most plausible attack scenario. A second scenario is the use of T-2 mycotoxin as part of state-sponsored bioterrorism against a discrete population, group, or region. The third scenario is related to food-industry contamination; food, especially in the dairy industry (e.g., milk transported by tanker truck), is vulnerable to biological and chemical attack. An attack on the food industry could cause local outbreaks of disease within hours or days, as well as enormous economic damage. There are no specific antidotes for T-2 poisoning. Standard supportive care is indicated for symptomatic cases after removal from exposure and decontamination. These measures should include management of airways, breathing, and circulation. Supplemental oxygen can be given, if indicated.