Showing papers on "Gas separation published in 1979"

Preparation of gas separation membranes

Abstract: Membranes, which may be used for the separation of gases, comprise a thin film of a semi-permeable material composited on a porous support member The membranes are prepared by passing a support member through a solution of a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent containing a semi-permeable membrane forming prepolymer and cross-linking agent This step is then followed by the cross-linking of the prepolymer by treatment at an elevated temperature The process may be exemplified by passing one finely porous surface of a cellulose nitrate-cellulose acetate support member through a solution of dimethyl silicone in a halogenated solvent such as trifluorotrichloroethane followed by treatment at a temperature in the range of from about 50° to about 150° C to form the desired membrane

Novel hollow fiber with fine pore and its production

Abstract: PURPOSE: A thermoplastic polymer containing a specific amount of inorganic compound is melt spun through nozzles for hollow fiber into hollow fibers, which are annealed, drawn to develop porous structure and further heat set, thus giving novel title hollow fiber being used as membranes for gas separation. CONSTITUTION: (A) A thermoplastic polymer such as polypropylene including (B) 1W90wt% of inorganic compound such as magnesium oxide is melt spun using nozzles for hollow fiber to form undrawn hollow fibers. After annealed, the hollow fibers are drawn to develop porous structure and further, heat set under constant length or limited relaxation conditions to produce the objective hollow fibers 8. The resulting fibers are fixed to the outer cylinder 6 provided with gas let 1, gas outlet 2, gas-collecting openig 4 with an adhesive 5 to make a module for gas separation, for examle hydrogen from nitrogen. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio

Gas separating member and production thereof

Abstract: PURPOSE: To prepare a gas separating member having excellent separation coefficient, a gas permeation amount as well as high mechanical strength compared with that of a conventional gas separating member, by forming a high-molecular thin membrane on a surface of a membranelike or a walllike porous substrate by plasma polymerization. CONSTITUTION: An org. monomer is introduced into a space of a plasma state under vacuum in which a porous substrate comprising a porous film or a porous wall having pores with a diameter of several ten μ W several μm. Then, this org. monomer is converted to radiacal or ion by activation and polymerized to form a high-molecular membrane on the substrate. The thickness of this membrane is considered several ten Å or less. Moremover, as an org. monomer, for example, hexamethyldisiloxane is used. The gas separation ratio (O 2 /N 2 ) of this gas separating member is 2, 3 or more and larger than that of a silicone membrane which is about 2.0. COPYRIGHT: (C)1981,JPO&Japio

Gas separation purifying method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To minimize a product gas loss at the time of scavenging and obtain a gas of stable properties by regulating the temp of a raw gas or desorbed gas in an adsorbing or desorbing zone with a regulating gas cooled or heated outside the system and circulated CONSTITUTION:Rotary type apparatus 1' is divided into adsorbing, desorbing, scavenging and regulating zones with rotor 2' and stators 3', 4' Raw gas 9 is sent 8 under press to the adsorbing zone to allow readily adsorbable components to be adsorbed, and the heated flowing gas is cooled 14 and sent to the next adsorbing zone to take out slightly adsorbable components-rich gas D Desorbing fluid B in tank 10 is heated 12, fed to the desorbing zone through stator 4' to desorb the adsorbing component from an adsorbent, and sent out as discharge fluid E through stator 3' Next other adsorbent in rotor 2' is scavenged C, and a gas in adsorbent- packed chambers of the regulating zone is circulated through cooler 5 to cool the adsorbent in the chamber On the other hand, gas 9 is sent 8 under press to the remaining adsorbent-packed chambers in rotor 2' to allow readily adsorbable components X to be adsorbed and slightly adsorbable components Y to be desorbed

Liquid*gas separating apparatus

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve liquid/gas separation effciciency by making liquid/gas mixed phase fluids flow down over conical and funnel-shaped slopes in the form of this film.

Method of feeding purge gas into damaged fuel detecting apparatus

Abstract: PURPOSE:To accomplish an effective measurement of fission products by means of a gas separation apparatus incorporating silicon rubber diaphragms so as to separate argon gas from xenon and krypton for recycling as a purge gas. CONSTITUTION:A cover gas from a prenum section 17 is divided into two parts at a branch point 22. One part of the cover gas thus divided is fed to a precipitator 10 to undergo measurement of fission products contained therein and proceeded to a tank 24. The other part is fed to a tank 24 through a by-pass pipe 23 and proceeded to a gas separation apparatus 25. In this apparatus 25, krypton and xenon, which have a longer life, are separated from the cover gas by separation cells incorporating silicon rubber diaphragms and returned to the prenum section 17, while argon gas, which has a shorter life, passes through the diaphragms. The argon gas is compressed in a tank 26 and fed to storage tanks 29 for attenuation. The argon gas thus attenuated is returned as a purge gas to the precipirator 10 for recycling. With such an arrangement, the purge gas can be cleaned in a short space of time, thus accomplishing an efficient measurement of fission products.

Composite hollow yarn and selective gas permeation using same

Abstract: PURPOSE:A high polymer thin film is provided onto a walled, rapid N2 gas permeable, porous polyvinylidene fluoride hollow body. The resulted product provides a high speed, selectively permeable gas separation composite film base material. CONSTITUTION:Porous polyvinylidene fluoride hollow system is prepared having properties such as internal diameter 50 to 5000 microns, wall thickness 5 to 200 microns, wall micropore diameter less than 5 microns, wall N2 gas permeability 100 1/m hr 0.5 atm or higher, or preferably 1000 1/m hr 0.5 atm or higher. To this hollow system, a selectively gas permeable high poly mer is applied by hot melt coating process or using solution dessolved in proper solvent to form a film of the high polymer. For example, poly-2,6-dimethylphenol is useful as such high polymer. The resulted hollow yarn has high pressure resistance, excellent gas permeable rate and is effectively used in H2,N2,O2 concentration, separation and gas separation from liquid gas mixture.

Gas separation and purification

Abstract: PURPOSE:To effectuate inexpensive separation and purification of a mixed gas while minimizing gas production loss at scavenging in the rotary device operation, the three operation of adsorption, desorption, and scavenging are added with an adjusting recycle process of an adjustment gas which is heated or cooled by heat exchanger located outside of the system. CONSTITUTION:The stators 3' and 4' of the rotary device 1' are correspondingly devided into four zones in the direction of the periphery. An original gas A from the tank 9 is admitted through the stator 3' to an adsorbing room which is a portion of the rotor 2' and a hardly adsorbing gas component is sent out through the stator 4' as gas product D. A gas for desorption B from the tank 10 is heated 12, admitted through the stator 4' into the rotor 2' desorb the adsorbent and sent out as exhaust gas E. A part of a recycling gas g is admitted through the throttle valve 13 into another adsorbing room in the rotor 2' as a scavenging gas C and sent out as scavenging, exhaust gas F. Process adjustment gas in the adsorption room is circulated through the stator 3', cooler 5, blower 7, stator 4' to the blower 7 so that the adsorbent in the room is cooled sufficiently.

Membrane Oxygen Enrichment Cost and Application Evaluation

Abstract: A separation process, similar to the reverse osmosis membrane process for the desalination of water, can be used for the separation and enrichment of multi-component gas streams. The development of new processing methods and modular packing systems together with advanced commercialization of desalination systems now makes similar processes for gas separation appear feasible and economical. Composite membranes have been developed that are both thin enough to provide a large gas flow and strong enough to withstand the driving pressure of the incoming gas. This is done by depositing a polymer on the finely porous surface of a fabric-reinforced supporting membrane. The resulting material is then formed into a spiral-wound element that provides a large amount of membrane area in a small volume. Laboratory experiments using gas separation membranes by Fluid Systems Division of UOP and by General Electric Company have established the technical feasibility of using such membranes to produce oxygen-enriched air. A preliminary analysis of membrane oxygen enrichment economics was prepared by the Fluid System Division of UOP which shows that oxygen enrichment could be profitable for combustion systems up to 100 tons of oxygen per day. A supporting economic study made by Econergy Associates reaffirms the positive economic potential for a 1000-ton/day, 30% oxygen enrichment plant.

Methods for calculation of engineering parameters for gas separation

Abstract: A group additivity method is generated which allows estimation, from the structural formulas alone, of the energy of vaporization and the molar volume at 25 C of many nonpolar organic liquids. Using these two parameters and appropriate thermodynamic relations, the vapor pressure of the liquid phase and the solubility of various gases in nonpolar organic liquids are predicted. It is also possible to use the data to evaluate organic and some inorganic liquids for use in gas separation stages or liquids as heat exchange fluids in prospective thermochemical cycles for hydrogen production.