Showing papers on "Minimum-shift keying published in 2023"
TL;DR: In this paper, the Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) method was used for phase shift keying, which is a phase shift-based phase-shift-keying method.
Abstract: Системи цифрового зв'язку стають усе більше привабливими внаслідок постійно зростаючого попиту і через те, що цифрова передача пропонує можливості обробки інформації, не доступні при використанні аналогової передачі.
В основі сучасних систем передачі цифрової інформації через радіоканали лежить кодування кожного символу за допомогою сегмента опорного коливання з певними значеннями базових параметрів — амплітуди, частоти, початкової фази. Відповідно до змінюваного параметра розрізняються основні сімейства — амплітудна маніпуляція (AM, ASK — Amplitude Shift Keying), частотна маніпуляція (ЧМ, FSK — Frequency Shift Keying) і фазова маніпуляція (ФМ, PSK — Phase Shift Keying). Крім базових видів маніпуляції також широко застосовуються комбінаційні — наприклад, квадратурно амплітудна (КАМ, QASK — Quadrature Amplitude Shift Keying).
З розвитком обчислювальної техніки, програмного забезпечення і інтегральних мікросхем, з'явилися нові види зв'язку. Одним з них є PSK-31. Спочатку робота в режимі PSK-31 були засновані на використанні дорогих інтегральних мікросхем цифрової обробки сигналу (DSP). Початок стрімкого поширення режиму PSK-31 почалося в 1998 p., коли англійський радіоаматор Пітер Мартінез створив комп'ютерну програму PSK31 SBW, що реалізує обробку цифрових сигналів.
Відмінною рисою систем цифрового зв'язку (digital communication system — DCS) є те, що за кінцевий проміжок часу вони посилають сигнал, що складається з кінцевого набору елементарних сигналів (на відміну від систем аналогового зв'язку, де сигнал складається з нескінченної безлічі елементарних сигналів). У системах DCS завданням приймача є не точне відтворення переданого сигналу, а визначення на основі перекрученого шумами сигналу, який саме сигнал з кінцевого набору був посланий передавачем. Важливим критерієм продуктивності системи DCS є ймовірність помилки (РЕ).
Розроблена та реалізована у вигляді лабораторного макету практична схема приймача PSK-31. Проведені дослідження основних параметрів і характеристик розробленого зразка. Додатково проведено комп'ютерне моделювання стандарту цифрового зв'язку PSK-31.
15 May 2023
TL;DR: In this article , the problem of automatic classification of telecommunication signal modulation types using machine learning methods is addressed, and the most popular machine learning algorithms for classification are evaluated and compared.
Abstract: The paper deals with the problem of automatic classification of telecommunication signal modulation types using machine-learning methods. The task is actual in the field radio electronic, with the advent of integrated telecommunication systems, new modulation, and coding methods, it became necessary to search and develop simple, efficient, reliable methods for processing signals in channels with interference. The type of modulation is an important parameter on which the signal processing circuit of the receiving or transmitting device depends. It is impossible to extract useful information from the received signal without knowing the type of modulation. A database for the problem solution was collected through the experiments with software-defined radio. During the experiments the signals at a frequency of 900 MHz, with modulations: BPSK, GMSK, NBFM, OFDM were collected. The most popular of the contemporary methods for classification are evaluated and compared. As the result of this study, a method for collecting data using an SDR transceiver was considered, and a comparison was made of the accuracy of algorithms trained on the collected dataset.
01 Jan 2023
TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented the design and implementation of GMSK transceiver with low complexity and high performance in terms of bit error rate, which is based on soft decision decoder.
Abstract: This paper presents the design and implementation of GMSK transceiver with low complexity and high performance in terms of bit error rate. The GSM systems in current user demand require to be great success for digital cellular standards which is widely used because of advance in integration solution for different terminal handsets. Through the user’s populations continually growth and handset plummeting price, the design efforts focus on effective GSM data receiver implementations. The receiver section in the GSM system is the most important part that will introduce different type errors due to the channel effect. Hence, the decoding plays a vital role in the receiver part by decode the received signals in appropriate techniques. This paper introduces efficient receiver demodulation technique based on soft decision decoder. The obtained results were compared with traditional technique and hard decision decoder to show the effectiveness of this method under noisy channel. In low and high code rate, the soft decision decoder can underestimate the bit error rate by up to 25%. The improved bit error rate after decoding is shown to give reliable estimation across diverse channels condition and modulations setup.
07 Feb 2023
TL;DR: In this article , three optical modulation techniques such as on off keying (OOK), binary phase shift keying, and differential PSK (DPSK) are evaluated in terms of Q-factor and bit error rate (BER) in order to assess their suitability in typical indoor optical wireless communication.
Abstract: In this chapter three optical modulation techniques such as on off keying (OOK), binary phase shift keying (BPSK), differential phase shift keying (DPSK) are evaluated in terms of Q-factor and bit error rate (BER) in order to assess their suitability in typical indoor optical wireless communication. The modulated signals are subjected to additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and florescent light interference (FLI) representative of practical scenarios. The received signals are demodulated with and without using matched filter (MF). The BER in both the cases are evaluated through simulation studies using MATLAB and compared for each of the three modulated signals. It has been observed that in each of the demodulation process the rate of reduction of BER is significant when the demodulation is done by using MF.
02 Mar 2023
TL;DR: In this article , the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) was implemented into a high-speed FPGA by using Verilog HDL (Hardware Descriptive Language) in the Xilinx Vivado 2021.01 tool.
Abstract: The vital role of wireless communication systems in the modern world, starting from mobile communication networks to satellite communication networks is very much essential and it is seen that, the digital modulation techniques have been changed widely for the last two decades to establish better communication systems. Digital modulation is a widely preferred communication system because of its efficient features like capacity, speed, and quality of information transfer over long distances. Three types of digital modulation techniques are available, they are Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK), Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK), and Phase-Shift Keying (PSK). These modulation techniques are generally characterised by altering one of the properties like frequency, amplitude, or phase of the carrier signal along with the message signal, and each modulation technique has various applications. For instance, phase-shift keying is used in wireless communication networks like LAN, Bluetooth, and RFID.In this paper, the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) is implemented into a high-speed FPGA. This BPSK modulation technique was developed by using Verilog HDL (Hardware Descriptive Language) in the Xilinx Vivado 2021.01 tool, which is an IDE (Integrated Development Environment). The developed BPSK code was simulated in Vivado and then downloaded into the Basys 3 FPGA board for achieving hardware implementation results in the oscilloscope. Less area and reduced power utilisation are the main advantages of this article.