Showing papers on "Parmotrema published in 1993"

Notes on Hawaiian Parmelioid Lichens

Abstract: One hundred and fifteen taxa ofParmeliaceae s.s. have been reportedfrom the Hawaiian Islands. Thirty-seven species in 12 genera (Bulbothrix, Canoparmelia, Cetrelia, Flavoparmelia, Flavopunctelia, Hypotrachyna, Menegazzia, Parmelina, Parmotrema, Relicina, Rimelia, Xantho- parmelia) are currently accepted; 26 taxa remain unresolved. The species appear to be a random assortment of pantropical species with one or two exceptions. Only five species (13%) produce apothecia in Hawaii. In this treatment only three species are considered endemic, two of which are considered dubious species, a problem that requires further investigation; all others have been placed in synonymy with more widely distributed species. The exsiccate record of Cetrariastrum pseudo- nepalense is either an error or possibly the species has been extirpated. The report of Cetraria islandica is also concluded to be an error. Hypotrachyna longiloba (Magn.) C. W. Smith is a new combination. A key to the species is provided. The Hawaiian lichen flora has certainly not re- ceived the attention or scrutiny of Hawaii's cele- brated angiosperm flora. In the first major treatment of Hawaii's parmelioid lichens, Hillmann (1940) recorded 41 taxa, to which Magnusson (1956) added a further 24. Of the 115 taxa recorded from the Islands, 44 (38%) were considered to be endemic, mostly varieties and forms. Many early names were based on specimens that were fragmentary, badly damaged through time to the point that they are difficult to determine, or that have been lost. Just prior to World War II, the B.P. Bishop Museum collection, the major collection of Hawaiian lichens, was sent to Berlin. The entire collection was de-