Showing papers on "Social impact assessment published in 1995"

Coastal zone management handbook

Abstract: MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES Introduction. Management Goals and Purposes: Sustainable Use of Resources. Biological Diversity. Protection Against Natural Hazards. Pollution Control. Economic Development Management and Planning. Enhancement of Social Welfare of Coastal Communities. Optimum Mix of Uses. Development Impacts: General Issues. Agriculture. Aquaculture. Forest Industries. Heavy Industry. Infrastructure. Mining. National Security. Petroleum Industry. Ports and Marinas. Tourism. Settlements. Shore Protection Works. Waste Disposal. Water Supply Projects. Marine Excavation. Solutions Through Management: The Integrated Approach. The Search for Sustainable Yield. Biodiversity Conservation. Natural Hazards. Hinterlands. Management Functions. Designing an ICZM Program. Joint Management of Land and Sea. Non-Integrated Option. Strategy Planning: The Process. Objectives. Policy Formulation. Issues Analysis. Dimensions of Coastal Zone. Seastorms and Other Hazards. Hinterlands. Pollution. Biological Diversity. Multiple Use. Integration. Institutional Mechanisms. Legislation. Project Review, Permits, and Environmental Assessment. Setbacks. Incremental Approach. Participation. Motivation. Addressing Socio-Economic Concerns. Alternative Livelihoods. Information. Comparable Planning. Program Development: Orientation of a Program. Master Plan. Jurisdiction. Land Use. Regulatory Program - Permits and Reviews. Environmental Assessment. Protected Areas. Situation Management. Information Services. Technical Services. Restoration and Rehabilitation. Operational Format. Program Evaluation. MANAGEMENT METHODS Aquaculture Management. Awareness. Baseline and Monitoring. Beach Management. Boundaries. Construction Management. Coral Reef Management. Coral Reef Survey Methods. Ecologically Critical Areas Identification. Database Development. Dredging Management. Dune Management. Economic Impact Assessment. Environmental Assessment. Environmental Management Plan. Floodlands. Historical-Archeological Sites Impact Assessment. Institutional Analysis. Issues Analysis. Management Plan. Mangrove Forest Management. Mapping. Master Plan. Mitigation. Monitoring and Baseline. Nutrients Management. Ocean Outfall Placement. Oxygen: BOD/COD Measurement. Project Review and Permits. Protected Natural Areas. Public Participation in Planning. Rehabilitation. Retreat. Septic Tanks Placement. Setbacks. Sewage Management. Shoreline Construction Management. Situation Management. Social Impact Assessment. Strategy Plan. Tiers for Management. Traditional Use Arrangements. Turbidity Measurement. Urban Runoff Management. Water Quality Management: Coastal Waters. Water Quality Management: Coral Reefs. Zoning. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION Agricultural. Airfields. Alternative Livelihoods. Aquaculture. Artificial Reefs. Barrier Islands. Beach Erosion. Beach Fill. Beach Resources. Biological Diversity. Biosphere Reserves. Biotoxins. Carrying Capacity. Ciguatera. CITES. The Commons. Conflict Resolution. Coral Reef Resources. Cyclones, Hurricanes, and Typhoons. Decentralized Management. Diversity Index. Dredging Techniques. Dynamite Fishing. Ecodevelopment. Economic Benefits of Protected Areas. Economic Valuation. Ecosystems. Ecotourism. Education. Electric Power Generation. Endangered Species. Environmental Audit. Eutrophication. Exclusive Economic Zone. Exotics. Explosives. Fisheries. Genetic Diversity. Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Global Warming. Greenbelt. Impact Types. Indicator Species. Industrial Pollution. Information Needs. Inlets. International Assistance Agencies. Kelp Beds. Lagoons, Estuaries, and Embayments. Littoral Drift. Mangrove Forest Resources. Marinas. Marshlands. Mining. Multiple Use of Resources. Multiple-Use Management Authorities. Natural Hazards. Nature Synchronous Design. Noise and Disturbance. Nurture Areas. Oxygen. Participation. Pathogens. Performance Standards. Petroleum Industries. Political Motivation. Pollution. Ports and Harbors. Principles and Premises. Ramsar Convention. Rapid Rural Appraisal. Red Tide. Regional Development Planning. Remote Sensing. Research Needs. Restoration and Rehabilitation. Risk Assessment. Roadways, Causeways, and Bridges. Salinity. Salt Water Intrusion. Sand Mining. Seagrass Meadows. Sea Level Rise. Sediments and Soils. Settlements. Sewage Treatment. Shellfish Pollution. Site Management and Housekeeping. Social Equity. Socio-Economic Factors. Solid Wastes. Storm Surge. Subsidence. Suspended Particulate Matter. Sustainable Use. Terms of Reference. Tideflats. Tides. Tourism. Toxic Substances. Traditional Uses. Training. Transparency of Water. Tsunamis. Turtles. Underwater Fishing. Watersheds and Upland Effects. Waves. Wetlands. Zona Publica. CASE HISTORIES Australia. Barbados. Bermuda. Bonaire. Canada. China. Costa Rica. Ecuador. Egypt. Grenada. India. Indonesia. Italy. Malaysia. Maldives. Mexico. Netherlands. Oman. Philippines. St. Lucia. Solomon Islands. South Pacific. Sri Lanka. Tanzania. Thailand. Trinidad and Tobago. Turks and Caicos. United States. Vietnam. West Indies. REFERENCES GLOSSARY APPENDICES Countries with Coastal Zone Management Programs. Conversion Data INDEX

Guidelines and principles for social impact assessment

Abstract: Since passage of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, environmental impact assessment has become the key component of environmental planning and decision-making in the US More recently, agency planners and decision-makers have recognized a need for better understanding the social consequences of projects, programs, and policies In response to this need, a group of social scientists formed the Interorganizational Committee on Guidelines and Principles for Social Impact Assessment (SIA), with the purpose of outlining a set of guidelines and principles that will assist agencies and private interests in fulfilling their obligations under NEPA, related authorities, and agency mandates The purpose of this paper is to present the central principles and some operational guidelines for use by federal agencies in conducting social impact assessments

Environmental and social impact assessment

Abstract: PART I: MACRO IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Environmental Impact Assessment Social Impact Assessment Technology Assessment: The State of the Art Policy Assessment PART II: TOOLS OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT: Economic and Fiscal Impact Assessment Demographic Impact Assessment Health Impact Assessment of Development Projects Ecological Impact Assessment Risk Assessment Public Involvement: From Consultation to Participation PART III: TOOLS FOR THE FUTURE: Climate Impact Assessment Development Impact Assessment: Impact Assessment of Aid Projects in Non-Western Countries Environmental Auditing Environmental Sustainability

Monitoring and Evaluating Social Programs in Developing Countries: A Handbook for Policymakers, Managers, and Researchers

Abstract: In recent years there has been a growing concern about the impact of development assistance, especially about the sustainability of social development programs, their effects on vulnerable groups such as the poor and women, and the forced resettlement of people caused by large infrastructure projects. These concerns have rekindled interest in assessing how well development projects and social programs have been meeting their objectives. This book provides a comprehensive review of the available techniques for monitoring and evaluating social programs. Specifically the book discusses: (a) methods of evaluating social and economic projects; (b) methods for participatory and rapid assessment; (c) quasi-experimental designs; and (d) the relationship between qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The authors also cover new developments in: (a) qualitative evaluation; (b) stakeholder analysis; (c) sustainability analysis; and (c) the politics of evaluation. While paying special attention to the organization of monitoring and evaluation at the project, sectoral, and national levels, this book also reviews cost-effective methods of estimating a project's impact, identifies potential beneficiaries and their information needs, and discusses the role of nongovernmental organizations in evaluating social development programs.

Attitudes, accounts and impact assessment

Abstract: In recent years there has been a growing interest in the sociological study of environmental issues. One area in which this is evident is in the application of social scientific methods in social impact assessment (SIA): the study of the anticipated social impact of proposed changes to the environment. This paper addresses one aspect of the debate about appropriate methods for SIA; whether, and how, to include the expressed views and perceptions of those who will be affected. It is argued first that although SIA ostensibly deals with the social effects of projects there is a tendency for assessments to avoid any detailed consideration of the ways in which people are affected. Instead there is an emphasis upon technical and economic considerations. When assessments do attempt to incorporate the perceptions of local people they typically do so through some form of attitude research. However if language is viewed as a form of social action rather than as a detached commentary on reality there are radical implications for the methods traditionally used in SIA to gauge people's views and attitudes. I conclude by outlining an alternative to the traditional practice of viewing peoples' accounts as a repository of their attitudes, arguing that they might be more profitably used to explore how social impacts are socially constructed.

In praise of sia — a personal review of the field of social impact assessment: feasibility, justification, history, methods, issues

Abstract: (1995). IN PRAISE OF SIA — A PERSONAL REVIEW OF THE FIELD OF SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT: FEASIBILITY, JUSTIFICATION, HISTORY, METHODS, ISSUES. Impact Assessment: Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 229-252.

Social impact assessment: a look at Finnish experiences

Abstract: A case-analysis framework for the evaluation of social impact assessments (SIA) is presented and used to analyse Finnish impact assessments. As a result of the analyses of case studies in land-use and road planning, it wasfound that impact assessment results seldom make a difference in decision-making. Conflict mediation is underdeveloped with most differences being resolved in favour of the proponent It is concluded that the future of Finnish SIA is dependent on both methodological development and overcoming traditional planning procedures.

Social impact assessment in québec: issues and perspectives for sustainable community development

Abstract: (1995). SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN QUEBEC: ISSUES AND PERSPECTIVES FOR SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT. Impact Assessment: Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 273-288.

Social impact assessment of major roads

Abstract: This paper describes the use and methodology of social impact assessments in Canada, as applied to road projects. Social impact assessment (SIA) is a process of analysing, predicting and evaluating the future social and economic effects of proposed policy and project decisions on the well-being of people. Its goal is to protect and enhance the quality of life. It involves identifying potential changes in traditions, lifestyles, health, families, institutions and community; and identifying ways of avoiding or mitigating those changes. Social impacts of a road project include displacement of residents, businesses and community services, disruption during building and the positive impacts from the existence of the new road. A typical SIA involves understanding the project, the public issues and positions, the community, the environmental and socio-economic impacts; identifying mitigation and enhancement measures and net socio-economic impacts for each phase of the project; and developing an impact management program. The SIA can often assist the project management by helping to transform public issues into design standards and revised construction practices.

Evaluating a social impact assessment: Short‐ and long‐term outcomes in a developing country

Abstract: No matter how well‐designed, social impact assessments (SIAs) of economic development projects may not be able to overcome political and financial factors that preclude immediate adoption of recommendations to improve social impacts. In some cases, differences in values and assumptions held by diverse SIA participants—especially from distinct cultures and professions—may lead them to evaluate and respond differently to the SIA experience. As a result, the SIA may have more subtle outcomes, such as increasing awareness of social issues or generating public debate, that ultimately may be as important to social welfare as adoption of recommendations. Because the success of some SIAs may be indirect, unanticipated, and longer term, contextual factors and timing should be considered in evaluating the SIA's relative success and usefulness.

Managing the relationship between national interest and local needs: the Driekoppies dam

Abstract: Using insights gained from a study of the Driekoppies dam project in Eastern Transvaal, South Africa, this paper supports the need to re-evaluate social assessment philosophies and procedures. The current technocratic procedures dominating much of social assessment work need to be placed within an approach which emphasises the contextual interpretation, and on going strategic management, of impacts and processes of social change. Projects should not only be assessed in terms of negative impacts, but specifically in terms of their development potential for the local area.

Cultural and institutional issues in the appraisal of projects in developing countries: South Pacific water resources

Abstract: Using the example of a rural water supply project on a developing South Pacific island, the importance is demonstrated of understanding cultural and social facts about the indigenous population. Although aiming to improve the living standards of the people, insufficient attention had been paid to their current way of thinking and the project was unsuccessful Technologies must be selected in consultation with the local people and the system designed to fit in with existing social and institutional circumstances.

The Forced Cessation of Logging and the Management of Impacts On Workers

Abstract: A recent environmental dispute in Australia resulted in the forced cessation of logging on an island off the Queensland coast. In conjunction with the cessation of logging, the Queensland government announced a Worker’s Special Adjustment Package (WSAP) for those individuals who were displaced from employment as a result of the cessation of logging. A Social Impact Assessment was commissioned by the Queensland Government and that evaluation is the subject of this article. The question addressed is: How do structural adjustment packages mitigate negative outcomes that can result from worker redundancy? We are concerned with delineating those factors that are likely to predict the success or failure of a structural adjustment package designed to mitigate the impact of redundancy. This is an important issue, not least because of the role of these packages in the management of structural change and in ensuring positive outcomes for those directly affected by redundancy.

Environmental assessment and review in Sub-Saharan Africa

Abstract: The study examines the environmental assessment (EA) review procedure in Sub-Saharan Africa, whose progress have been significant. Borrowers have accepted the Bank's operational directives and procedures, and most countries have some kind of environmental legislation, in spite of weak human, and technical resources. Nonetheless, coordination among donors is still far from satisfactory, and, the limited experience hinders monitoring environmental impacts in the field. This is aggravated by the lack of financial instruments, and insufficient dialogue in the field among experts, governments, and other stakeholders, including lack of decision-making tools, such as geographic information systems, required for the preparation of environmental assessments. Currently, the EA process is fully effective for a limited section of the Bank's portfolio; however, integration of EAs has not been sufficiently integrated into structural adjustment instruments, nor into strategic documents, such as Country Assistance Strategy reports. Recommendations suggest increased information among stakeholders, improved quality of EAs, and of monitoring in the field, and, a proactive promotion of an environmentally sustainable development.