Showing papers on "Substitute natural gas published in 1987"

Production of hydrogen gas using coke oven gas as raw material

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce reproduction cost of hydrogen and synthetic natural gas, by pretreating coke oven gas, subjecting a part of the pretreated gas to steam reforming process and CO conversion process, recovering produced hydrogen and methanating the remaining part of the gas. CONSTITUTION:Coke oven gas COG is sent to a pretreatment stage 5 via a compression stage 3 and subjected to various prescribed treatments. A part of the pretreated gas is successively transferred to a steam reforming stage 11, a CO-conversion stage 13 and a separation stage 15, in which hydrogen is separated and recovered by a pressure swing adsorption method. The produced off gas is used as a fuel for the steam reforming stage 11. Parallel to the above procedure, the remaining part of the gas transferred from the pretreatment stage 5 is sent to a methanation stage 7 and then to a purification stage 9 to obtain a synthetic natural gas SNG, etc. The operation cost for the production of hydrogen gas can be reduced by this process.

Coal bed methane: dynamic new segment of petroleum industry

Abstract: Gas may be produced from coal as synthetic natural gas, in-situ gasification, or through conventional drainage of methane from coal reservoirs. The oil and gas industry has successfully implemented the latter process for nearly ten years. This dynamic new aspect of the energy industry has experienced exponential growth through a coordinated effort between commercial developers, research organizations, and government programs. A preliminary study funded by the DOE indicated that approximately 400 tcf of gas was occluded in coal seams within 13 coal-bearing basins of the US. The Gas Research Institute is in the process of estimating economically recoverable coal-bed methane over the same geographic areas. Simultaneously, the Potential Gas Agency, recognizing coal-bed methane as a gas resource, is in the process of categorizing the resource. Major and independent operators have made commercial coal-bed methane discoveries within the Warrior basin, Piceance basin, and San Juan basin. Continued exploration will result in discoveries throughout the US. Explorationists identifying coal-bed methane exploration criteria are pioneering new areas of geologic studies representing new opportunities for geologists. In support of industry activity, the Gas Research Institute has implemented two field-oriented research programs. The Multi-Seam Project is developing the technology to stimulate and produce gas frommore » shallow multiple-coal-seam intervals within the Warrior basin of Alabama. The Deep Coal Seam Project, operated by Resource Enterprises, Inc., in the Piceance basin of Colorado, is developing and improving technology to produce gas from coal seams buried in excess of 3000 ft.« less

Production of substitute natural gas

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a substitute natural gas substantially containing no CO, by absorbing and removing a carbonic acid gas from a gas obtained by reforming hydrocarbon with steam and adding steam to the resulting gas in the presence of a catalyst under a specific condition. CONSTITUTION:Hydrocarbon such as naphtha, LPG, etc., is subjected to steam reforming reaction to give a mixed gas having high methane concentration. Then, a carbonic acid gas in the mixed gas is removed by adsorption method, steam is added to the mixed gas in a molar ratio of the steam to the mixed gas of 0.01-0.30 and reaction is carried out at 200-450 deg.C in the presence of a low-temperature steam reforming catalyst (e.g. nickel oxide as a main component) to give a substitute natural gas substantially containing no CO.

Coal gasification: Direct applications and syntheses of chemicals and fuels: A research needs assessment

Abstract: The DOE Working Group for an Assessment of Coal-Gasification Research Needs (COGARN - coal gasification advanced research needs) has reviewed and evaluated US programs dealing with coal gasification for a variety of applications. Cost evaluations and environmental-impact assessments formed important components of the deliberations. We have examined in some depth each of the following technologies: coal gasification for electricity generation in combined-cycle systems, coal gasification for the production of synthetic natural gas, coal gasifiers for direct electricity generation in fuel cells, and coal gasification for the production of synthesis gas as a first step in the manufacture of a wide variety of chemicals and fuels. Both catalytic and non-catalytic conversion processes were considered. In addition, we have constructed an orderly, long-range research agenda on coal science, pyrolysis, and partial combustion in order to support applied research and development relating to coal gasification over the long term. The COGARN studies were performed in order to provide an independent assessment of research needs in fuel utilization that involves coal gasification as the dominant or an important component. The findings and research recommendations of COGARN are summarized in this publication.