Showing papers on "Water environment published in 1972"

Amphibian terrarium for use with aquariums

Abstract: The invention is concerned with an amphibian terrarium for use with an aquarium which allows an amphibian, such as a turtle, to spend a substantial portion of his time in an aquarium in a water environment with tropical fish, plants and the like and which further provides a fixed ramp whereby the amphibian can climb out of the water and onto a dry simulated land area which allows the amphibian to spend the remainder of his time in an earth environment with sand, dirt and plants. An important feature of the present invention is the use of a ramp, one end of which extends from the simulated land area downwardly to beneath the water level in the aquarium to allow an amphibian to readily swim onto its lower ledge so that he may climb up the ramp to the dry simulated land area, the ramp having a moderate angle of inclination and good traction characteristics.

Boat propeller lock

Abstract: Disclosed is an enclosure which can be locked in position to conceal a nut used to secure a boat propeller to a drive shaft. The enclosure includes a cover portion that can be locked into engagement with a base portion that is retained by and specially accommodates the nut. Both the enclosure and the lock mechanism therefore are formed of an oxidation resistant material so as to prevent deterioration during use in a water environment.

Explosive assembly comprising a tubular member formed of water-soluble plastic

Abstract: An explosive assembly comprising, as an intact unit in a water distended bore hole, a loading tube and an explosive loaded therein, the loading tube being formed from a water-soluble plastic material; and means for detonating said explosive. Method for loading the explosive, comprising drilling the bore hole using a Kelly Bar type drill; retaining the Kelly Bar in the resulting bore hole and longitudinally emplacing the above loading tube therein; loading the explosive in the emplaced tube; and, either prior, or subsequent, to said loading, raising the Kelly Bar from around the tube to provide the above explosive assembly. The loading tube is capable of retaining its tubular identity in its surrounding water environment for a period sufficient to permit loading the explosive for the shot.

Application of the Finite Element Method to Regional Water Transport Phenomena

Abstract: In our view, one of the most important tasks of science and technology is to develop means for quantifying the growth, decay, and movement of man-made and natural substances in our environment, particularly our water environment. This regional water environment consists of mountain streams, lakes and reservoirs, broad valley floor rivers, tidal deltas, estuaries, and finally open seas. The transport of dissolved and particulate matter in each of these sub-systems poses unique and difficult problems. Large systems of complicated equations must be solved; however, to be useful, the cost of the solution must be reasonable. The solutions of such problems will require a priori the use of modern high speed high memory capacity computers.

The Behavior of Oil Spilled In a Cold Water Environment

Abstract: On 4th February 1970, the tanker Arrow struck Cerberus Rock in the entrance to Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia in bad weather. The loss of most of the cargo resulted in an oil pollution incident of such magnitude that the Minister of Transport established a Task Force with wide authority to draw on all resources of men and materials necessary to minimize the consequences of the spill. One feature of the spill was that it took place in cold water and was a prestage of what might be experienced in a spill in Arctic waters. This paper deals mainly with the way in which oil behaves when it interacts with the environment and the effect of these interactions on the effectiveness of clean up techniques.

Waste water in metal mining industries.

Abstract: The different types of mineral industries wastes are characterized. Total tonnage in the world of finely ground wastes from i.a. flotation and leaching operations amounts to around 1 500 million tons per annum. The major environmental problems arise from slowly settling fine particles, dissolved metal ions and chemicals retained in the effluent. The paper discusses the toxic effects of dissolved metal ions in waste water as well as the effect of pH and sediments on water fauna. The comminution in mineral processing operations yields the surface of the waste mineral products a high reactivity. Therefore mineral wastes have a high adsorptive power for dissolved contaminations, i.a. metal ions and organic substances. This has a very positive effect on the water environment. The layout and operation of settling ponds as well as the use of flocculation agents are discussed. Legal and environmental aspects of metal mining wastes are considered.

Effectiveness of damping tiles for reducing vibration of plates in water

Abstract: The effectiveness of damping tiles in reducing the vibration response of a point-excited, clampededge plate immersed in water was investigated in a combined theoretical and experimental program. Comparisons of measured acceleration spectra for damped and undamped plates in both air and water environments indicate that damping tiles are less effective in a water environment than in air. A theoretical solution, based on thin-plate theory, of the acceleration power spectral density of a simply supported, fluid-loaded plate is derived and utilized to interpret the experimental results. From the theoretical solution, an approximate theory for plate acceleration in the vicinity of resonance is developed to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of damping tiles in a water environment. (Author)

Electrical insulation limits the volume of electrical equipment in a water environment

Abstract: The life of electrical insulation in water is limited by steam (24 psig) which shows three orders of magnitude reduction in life as determined by AIEE #57. Power equipment in water must be temperature controlled to avoid the steam condition. This means larger volume of equipment, lower power densities and lower temperature rise above the ambient. If this is not done by the designer then the operator is forced to downrate the equipment to preserve useful life. To overcome this limitation in size one must develop steam resistant electrical insulation in order to be able to operate at higher temperatures. Techniques to seal the system to exclude water are not satisfactory because small amounts of water passing through barriers or internally generated in the system, may be the equivalent of operating the electrical equipment in 100% steam if temperature is not controlled.

The Role of Dielectric Studies in the Investigation of Protein Molecules

Abstract: The strength of dielectric studies for investigating biological molecules is that measurements can be made in conditions approximating to the in vivo state, by studying the appropriate aqueous solution The effect of the water environment, so important in conditioning the behaviour of proteins and enzymes, is thus notexcluded The weakness of the method lies in possible ambiguities in interpretation and in certain experimental difficulties This paper explains the progress made in the last few years in overcoming these difficulties and summarizes the kinds of system where the dielectric method can give important information at a molecular level