A review of mechanical energy storage systems combined with wind and solar applications

In a high penetrated wind farm power system, wind farms can collaborate to control the power system frequency as like as conventional units. This paper presents a novel model to control the frequency of the wind farm connected to conventional units. Throughout the proposed frequency control, the integral controller, washout filter, and the PID controller could determine the active power variation value in different situations. In fact, a PID controller makes the wind farm aware of power variations. To improve the efficiency of the model, the defined frequency control parameters (i.e., PID coefficients) are optimized based on a multiobjective function using particle swarm optimization algorithm. This study has a unique perspective based on the wind farm collaboration through inertia control, primary frequency control, and supplementary frequency control of the system. A swift power reserve in a stable condition is needed in which wind farm can ameliorate the system frequency response. It is worth saying that the wind farm consists of variable speed turbines, such as a doubly fed induction generator, or a permanent magnet synchronous generator. To assess the performance of the proposed model, it is applied to a typical two-area system and the results are compared.

An Optimal Frequency Control Method Through a Dynamic Load Frequency Control (LFC) Model Incorporating Wind Farm

Energy Management for Stationary Electric Energy Storage Systems: A Systematic Literature Review.

Multi-objective optimized operation of integrated energy system with hydrogen storage

Hydropower reservoirs (of conventional and pumped storage plants) provide dispatchable power and large-scale energy storage. They are a suitable technology in autonomous power systems with high levels of renewable generation, because of their capacity to buffer intermittencies and high variability of renewable energies such as wind and solar power. This paper presents results of a study comparing the operation of a wind hydro hybrid system including a conventional hydropower with a reservoir and including a pumped storage hydropower plant. This comparative study was carried out based on the adaptation of software Homer (The Micropower Optimization Model) to simulate hydropower plants with water storage capacity and to simulate pumped storage hydroelectric plants. The case study of this paper arose from data related to Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil. The case study is based on a river basin in southern Brazil for which two sites were identified; one below where can be installed the engine room and where there is a reasonable area to implement a water reservoir; other above where a reservoir may also be implemented for the case of pumped storage hydropower plant. The results show that the system with pumped storage plant naturally has the highest initial costs, but the optimal solution of the hybrid system with pumped storage plant require a smaller flooded area than the system with conventional reservoir, thus representing a lower environmental impact.

A.K. Sinha

Papers

Optimum scheduling of micro grid connected wind-pumped storage hydro plant in a frequency based pricing environment

Impact of load management on the energy management strategy of a wind-short hydro hybrid system in frequency based pricing