Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and navigation systems usually demand good timeliness on their used vector road network maps. Unfortunately, existing methods for road network map generation, such as the surveying method and the satellite image digitizing method, are difficult to generate up-to-date road network maps. This paper presents a method for automatic generation of road network map from massive GPS vehicle trajectories, which can generate the up-to-date road network map from the up-to-date GPS vehicle trajectory data that can be widely available. Given a set of GPS vehicle trajectory data, the input first is processed to construct a road network bitmap which depicts the road network. Then the road network skeleton on the bitmap is computed. Finally, the road network graph extraction is implemented on the skeleton to generate the vector road network map data. To evaluate the presented method, we implemented and tested it on the massive GPS vehicle trajectory data collected in Jilin City, China. The test results demonstrate that the presented method can be promising in applications.

Automatic generation of road network map from massive GPS, vehicle trajectories

Purpose. To present the Participation and Activity Measurement System (PAMS), a system designed to examine activity and participation among people who use wheeled mobility devices.Methods. Description of PAMS’ components and an example of its application among people who use tilt-in-space wheelchairs.Results. PAMS combines objective and subjective descriptions of mobility-based activities within a person's home and community. By applying technologies such as wheel revolution counters, seat occupancy sensors and global positioning systems, PAMS captures diverse metrics of wheelchair use including destinations, wheeled distance, duration of occupancy and the use of specialised features such as tilt. These metrics also provide the basis for a prompted recall interview designed to elicit contextual data about wheelchair use within a person's home and community. A recent study among people who use tilt-in-space wheelchairs demonstrates the components and application of PAMS.Conclusions. The combination of obje...

/pdf/the-participation-and-activity-measurement-system-an-example-18dga03qsv.pdf

The Participation and Activity Measurement System: An example application among people who use wheeled mobility devices

There are many obstacles for wheelchair users outside. These items are not an issue for people without physical impairment, but are major obstacles for wheelchair users. Due to these obstacles, wheelchair users may feel anxiety besides familiar paths, leading to less desire to go outside. In this study, we propose a system for collecting social barrier-free information from the various sensors attached to general-purpose wheelchairs and constantly feeding back the latest barrier-free street view information to wheelchair users, that is to say an “on-demand barrier-free street view system.” With this system, wheelchair users can confirm safe routes using the street view; thus, their range of movement can be increased. Furthermore, shared road information is information that was gathered by wheelchair users; therefore, it is a verification that the path is actually passable with a wheelchair. It provides a feeling of security for wheelchair users to go out. In this paper, we show the results of an evaluation experiment using this system.

On-Demand Barrier-Free Street View System Using Sensor Information from General-Purpose Wheelchair Users

Much local government has been using large scale digital maps with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, the updating method of a map is not established yet, and there are very few successful examples. The purpose of this study is the real-time renewal of the digital map for local government by using Remote Sensing and Real-time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS). First, change of the city is easily found by overlay Remote Sensing imageries and digital map with GIS. Next, Position of changed area was measured by RTK-GPS. REAL TIME GIS is the system for real-time mapping and updating at the field site using RTK-GPS, GIS and cellular phone. But, RTK-GPS measuring data did not correspond with digital maps because of different geodetic system. It is necessary to transform digital maps of an old geodetic system to new ones. In order to solve this problem, the parameters were calculated using Affine Transformation. In this paper, these parameters were named “High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP)”. As a result, it was differences less than 3cm in any case. In conclusion, the need of HARP with Affine Transformation was indicated. It is suggested that the process of REAL TIME GIS and HARP should be introduced to the work of local government.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/10226/32601/01526789.pdf

REAL TIME GIS by collaboration of remote sensing, GPS and GIS

Much local government has been utilizing the large scale digital map with Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS will be able to efficiently work and to reduce mapping costs. However, the maintenance and renewal of a map database need much labors and time. However, the updating method of a map is not established yet and, there is little successful example. The purpose of this study is establishment to update of the large scale map for local government by using a REAL TIME GIS and its collaboration. REAL TIME GIS, which definition decided by our laboratory, is a technology that updates the digital map instantly by using RTK-GPS and the cellular phone. RTK-GPS data use Japanese Geodetic Datum 2000 (JGD2000) of WGS-84, but most of the digital map of local government is still Tokyo Datum of old geodetic system. In order to correspond with two kinds of data which have different geodetic system, it is necessary to transform coordinates. Geographic Survey Institute of Japan (GSI) opened a website for the conversion parameters and programs. GPS data is able to apply to digital map in small scale. However, Base Map and thematic map which has made by the large scale (1/500 or 1/1000) on the old geodetic system did not obtain sufficient accuracy. To solve these problems, our laboratory proposed High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP) which changes from an old geodetic system to a new geodetic system.

Map renewal technique by using collaboration of GPS, GIS and remote sensing

Much local government has been using a large scale digital map with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, the updating method of a map is not established yet, and there are very few successful examples. The purpose of this study is the application of REAL TIME GIS using remote sensing and RTK-GPS for local government. REAL TIME GIS is the system for real-time mapping and updating at the field site using Real-time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS), GIS and cellular phone. This system has the problem that RTK-GPS positioning data is Japanese Geodetic Datum 2000 (JGD2000) of WGS-84, but most of the digital maps of local government are still Tokyo Datum of old geodetic system. It is necessary to transform an old geodetic system to a new one. We used Affine Transformation for this problem. In this paper, the parameters which were calculated by Affine Transformation were named "High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP)". As a result, Affine Transformation has 2 cm errors using 4 control points at the corner of unit. In conclusion, the need of HARP with Affine Transformation was indicated. It is suggested that the process of REAL TIME GIS and HARP should be introduced to the work of local government

Application of REAL TIME GIS using remote sensing and RTK-GPS for local government

Research proposed that wheelchair user uses remote sensing (RS), Real-Time Kinematic-Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) support to make barrier-free map. In this paper, Remote Sensing means high-resolution satellite imageries. If equipment of RTK-GPS attach to wheelchair, barrier-free map can be able to revise as the imageries on computer every day. Wheelchair users always can get the latest information of urban conditions. Proposed system automatically make barrier-free map. In other words, it suggests that mapping process dose not need much labor and time. In addition, the system as mentioned above makes more useful barrier-free map using Remote Sensing imageries as a background. Combination of remote sensing, RTK-GPS and GIS applied to barrier-free map prepared by local government improve rapidly life style for wheelchair users

The utility of renewal system for barrier-free map by using remote sensing and RTK-GPS

Much local government has been using a large scale digital map with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, the updating method of a map is not established yet. The purpose of this study is the real-time renewal of the digital map for local government by using Remote Sensing and RTK-GPS. This concept was defined as REAL TIME GIS. This system has the problem that RTK-GPS measuring data is Japanese Geodetic Datum 2000 (JGD2000) of WGS-84, but most of the digital maps of local government are still Tokyo Datum of old geodetic system. It is necessary to transform an old geodetic system to a new one. In this study, the coordinate transformation methods were compared Affine Transformation with TKY2JGD. Moreover, the number and arrangement of control points were changed, coordinates were converted by Affine Transformation. In this paper, the parameters which were calculated by Affine Transformation were called “High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP)”. As a result, TKY2JGD has a maximum 15cm error. Affine Transformation has 2cm errors using 4 control points at the corner of unit. It is suggested that the process of REAL TIME GIS and HARP should be introduced to the work of local government.

Real-time renewal of the digital map for local government by using remote sensing and RTK-GPS

Because Japan has become an aging society, for example, pedestrian space should have safety and relief for old people. Government and local government have to quickly build barrier-free facilities for elderly people and handicapped persons. However, it is difficult for everyone to know easily the route from their present place to destination with safety and relief. In this research, we will suggest producing a large scale Universal Map (UM) by using REAL TIME GIS, and we actually conducted the tentative experiment by using RTK-GPS and VRS-GPS. The purpose of the research was to confirm that we are able to get absolute position of high accuracy. As a result, it became clear that some experiment fields could not get accurate data. Our laboratory has been proposing to solve those problems by using a new technology of ubiquitous and geoinformatics. The proposed technology will powerfully contribute to the realization of UM.

A. Okuno

Papers

Application of REAL TIME GIS using remote sensing and RTK-GPS for local government

REAL TIME GIS by collaboration of remote sensing, GPS and GIS

The utility of renewal system for barrier-free map by using remote sensing and RTK-GPS

Real-time renewal of the digital map for local government by using remote sensing and RTK-GPS

Universal Map for Local Government by Using REAL TIME GIS