Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and navigation systems usually demand good timeliness on their used vector road network maps. Unfortunately, existing methods for road network map generation, such as the surveying method and the satellite image digitizing method, are difficult to generate up-to-date road network maps. This paper presents a method for automatic generation of road network map from massive GPS vehicle trajectories, which can generate the up-to-date road network map from the up-to-date GPS vehicle trajectory data that can be widely available. Given a set of GPS vehicle trajectory data, the input first is processed to construct a road network bitmap which depicts the road network. Then the road network skeleton on the bitmap is computed. Finally, the road network graph extraction is implemented on the skeleton to generate the vector road network map data. To evaluate the presented method, we implemented and tested it on the massive GPS vehicle trajectory data collected in Jilin City, China. The test results demonstrate that the presented method can be promising in applications.

Automatic generation of road network map from massive GPS, vehicle trajectories

Positional Accuracy of National Forest Inventory Plots in Japan

The study of global climate change seeks to understand: (1) the components of the Earth's varying environmental system, with a particular focus on climate; (2) how these components interact to determine present conditions; (3) the factors driving these components; (4) the history of global change and the projection of future change; and (5) how knowledge about global environmental variability and change can be applied to present-day and future decision-making. This paper addresses the use of high-performance computing and high-throughput computing for a global change study on the Digital Earth (DE) platform. Two aspects of the use of high-performance computing (HPC)/high-throughput computing (HTC) on the DE platform are the processing of data from all sources, especially Earth observation data, and the simulation of global change models. The HPC/HTC is an essential and efficient tool for the processing of vast amounts of global data, especially Earth observation data. The current trend involves r...

The use of high-performance and high-throughput computing for the fertilization of digital earth and global change studies

A geographic information system (GIS) is presented in this work with the aim of helping the application of problem-based learning process to show the students how to adopt the appropriate decisions for the adaptation of architectural barriers to ensure the universal accessibility in public buildings. The GIS developed here consists of three layers based on vector maps corresponding to buildings, potential routes and architectural barriers. Hyperlinks in the last layer allow access to some relevant information about each barrier, such as type, description and adaptation cost. Several tests have been carried out to show the capability of the implemented GIS to locate indoor barriers, determine suitable indoor routes by considering criteria such as paths lengths or the total cost of barrier elimination, and update the information corresponding to each architectural barrier. In addition, the application of the proposed GIS has also been explored for indoor route guidance with promising results. This investigation has been carried out with the aim of being combined with the problem-based learning process. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 21: 573–580, 2013

Introducing a geographic information system as computer tool to apply the problem-based learning process in public buildings indoor routing

This paper presents a method for automatically generating large-scale road-network vector maps, based on GPS-probe-vehicle tracks This method does not need to employ the basic maps of road-network maps, but only to use the tracks that are formed when GPS probe vehicles are moving in road networks, to reflect the real topology of road networks onto digital maps automatically The proposed method consists of three steps: First, transform the earth longitude and latitude coordinates of the GPS-track data to the urban map coordinates; after that, generate the skeleton map of the road network by using the transformed GPS-track data; finally, perform the vectorization processing to the generated skeleton map The experiments of automatically generating the real road network with the real-world GPS-track data indicate that the proposed method is able to automatically generate road-network maps successfully, and the generated vector digital map bears high accuracy and can satisfy the application requirement of automatically and timely updating the digital map in vehicle navigation systems, traffic guidance systems, etc

A GPS-track-based method for automatically generating road-network vector map

Much local government has been using large scale digital maps with Geographic Information System (GIS). However, the updating method of a map is not established yet, and there are very few successful examples. The purpose of this study is the real-time renewal of the digital map for local government by using Remote Sensing and Real-time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS). First, change of the city is easily found by overlay Remote Sensing imageries and digital map with GIS. Next, Position of changed area was measured by RTK-GPS. REAL TIME GIS is the system for real-time mapping and updating at the field site using RTK-GPS, GIS and cellular phone. But, RTK-GPS measuring data did not correspond with digital maps because of different geodetic system. It is necessary to transform digital maps of an old geodetic system to new ones. In order to solve this problem, the parameters were calculated using Affine Transformation. In this paper, these parameters were named “High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP)”. As a result, it was differences less than 3cm in any case. In conclusion, the need of HARP with Affine Transformation was indicated. It is suggested that the process of REAL TIME GIS and HARP should be introduced to the work of local government.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/10226/32601/01526789.pdf

REAL TIME GIS by collaboration of remote sensing, GPS and GIS

Much local government has been utilizing the large scale digital map with Geographic Information System (GIS). GIS will be able to efficiently work and to reduce mapping costs. However, the maintenance and renewal of a map database need much labors and time. However, the updating method of a map is not established yet and, there is little successful example. The purpose of this study is establishment to update of the large scale map for local government by using a REAL TIME GIS and its collaboration. REAL TIME GIS, which definition decided by our laboratory, is a technology that updates the digital map instantly by using RTK-GPS and the cellular phone. RTK-GPS data use Japanese Geodetic Datum 2000 (JGD2000) of WGS-84, but most of the digital map of local government is still Tokyo Datum of old geodetic system. In order to correspond with two kinds of data which have different geodetic system, it is necessary to transform coordinates. Geographic Survey Institute of Japan (GSI) opened a website for the conversion parameters and programs. GPS data is able to apply to digital map in small scale. However, Base Map and thematic map which has made by the large scale (1/500 or 1/1000) on the old geodetic system did not obtain sufficient accuracy. To solve these problems, our laboratory proposed High-Accuracy Regional Parameter (HARP) which changes from an old geodetic system to a new geodetic system.

Map renewal technique by using collaboration of GPS, GIS and remote sensing

Government has to hurry up to build accessible facilities for elderly people and people who has disabilities. Because our country is experiencing an aging society, for example, pedestrian space should be safe and give a relief. One of the methods to ensure this society is to obtain absolute position with high accuracy. Therefore, we suggested here to make Universal Map (UM) with a large scale (1/500 or 1/1000) by using REAL TIME GIS. The purpose of the research was to confirm whether absolute positions can be obtained accurately in pedestrian space. The experiment was performed by moving in KIT campus by a wheelchair to which D-GPS and VRS-GPS antennas have been attached. As a result, it became clear that any experiment fields could not receive accurate data. To solve these problems, we adopted IC tags which are new ubiquitous technology. For a solution, it is recommended that the UM be made by the REAL TIME GIS and IC tags.

Universal map for spatial information society by using REAL TIME GIS, GPS and remote sensing

Our country is experiencing an aging society, for example, pedestrian space should be safe and give a relief. One of the methods to ensure this society is to obtain absolute position with high accuracy. Therefore, we suggested here to make Universal Map (UM) with a large scale by using REAL TIME GIS with mobile mapping. The purpose of the research was to confirm whether absolute positions can be obtained accurately in mobile mapping. For the purpose, an experiment was performed on our campus at Kanazawa district in Japan by using a D-GPS and a VRS-GPS. As a result, it became clear that one could not receive accurate data in any experiment fields. To solve these problems, we adopted IC tags which are new ubiquitous technology. Therefore, it is recommended that the UM be made by the REAL TIME GIS and IC tags.

Application of Real Time GIS, Remote Sensing and IC Tag for Realization of Geospatial Information Society

Because Japan has become an aging society, for example, pedestrian space should have safety and relief for old people. Government and local government have to quickly build barrier-free facilities for elderly people and handicapped persons. However, it is difficult for everyone to know easily the route from their present place to destination with safety and relief. In this research, we will suggest producing a large scale Universal Map (UM) by using REAL TIME GIS, and we actually conducted the tentative experiment by using RTK-GPS and VRS-GPS. The purpose of the research was to confirm that we are able to get absolute position of high accuracy. As a result, it became clear that some experiment fields could not get accurate data. Our laboratory has been proposing to solve those problems by using a new technology of ubiquitous and geoinformatics. The proposed technology will powerfully contribute to the realization of UM.

S. Shimano

Papers

REAL TIME GIS by collaboration of remote sensing, GPS and GIS

Map renewal technique by using collaboration of GPS, GIS and remote sensing

Universal map for spatial information society by using REAL TIME GIS, GPS and remote sensing

Application of Real Time GIS, Remote Sensing and IC Tag for Realization of Geospatial Information Society

Universal Map for Local Government by Using REAL TIME GIS