The investigation were carried out to quantify the effect of sowing date, plant spacing and nitrogen application on plant growth, seed cotton yield and its components. The present studies were conducted to determine the effect of sowing dates and potential of nitrogen fertilizer with different plant spacing under and arid sub-tropical continental climate, on silt loam soils during the three consecutive crop seasons (i.e. 2005, 2006 and 2007). Cultivar CIM-473 was planted at three plant spacing (15, 30 and 45 cm) with four nitrogen levels of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha -1 . Observations were recorded for plant height, number of bolls m -2 , boll weight (g) and seed cotton yield (kg ha -1 ) and data were analyzed by using M STAT software, which showed that crop sown on May 10 and nitrogen application at the rate of 150 kg ha -1 with narrow spacing (15 cm) produced taller plants with higher boll number and weight (g) that resulted higher seed cotton yield (kg ha -1 ).

https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Effect-of-Sowing-Dates-Plant-Spacing-and-Nitrogen-Application-on-Growth-and-Productivity-on-Cotton-Crop.pdf

Effect of Sowing Dates, Plant Spacing and Nitrogen Application on Growth and Productivity on Cotton Crop

A field experiment was carried out in District Toba Tek Singh to evaluate the effect of plant spacing on growth, yield and quality of cotton variety BH-160 (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The treatments comprised of four plant spacing's viz. 15 cm, 22.5 cm, 30 cm and 37.5 cm. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) by using four replications. The data exhibited that plant spacing significantly influenced number of sympodial branches per plant, plant height (cm), number of bolls per plant, average boll weight (g), seed cotton yield per plant (g) and seed cotton yield (kg ha -1 ) while number of monopodial branches per plant, ginning out turn (%), fibre length (mm) and fibre fineness (µg inch- 1 ) were affected non significantly by plant spacing. It is suggested that for the purpose of getting higher seed cotton yield per hectare the farmers should adopt the practice of growing cotton crop in general and particularly the variety BH- 160 at plant spacing of 22.5 cm x 75 cm. Key word: Growth, Quality, Cotton

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Growth, yield and quality performance of cotton cultivar BH-160 (Gossypium hirsutum L.) as influenced by different plant spacing.

Cereal-based forage production could be considered to have potential to supply great deal of energy-rich feed in animal diets. Experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of corn-soybean combinations of 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 in addition to monocrops of corn and soybean to detremine forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality in corn-soybean intercropping. The crop combination ratio had significant effects on dry matter yield and nutritive quality of forage. The ratio of 75:25 and 50:50 recorded DM yields similar to those of monocropped corn (14.77 t/ha). Forage quality in terms of crude protein (CP) (75:25 ratio 12.75%, 50:50 ratio 13.73% and 25:75 ratio 14.68%) was improved by intercropping due to higher nitrogen availability for corn in intercropping compared with its sole crop (10.83% CP). Increase ratio of corn in corn-soybean mixture, negatively affectd neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) of forage and declined with increasing ratio of soybean plants. Combination ratio of 50:50 gave higher protein yield (1886.45 kg/ha) than other crop combination ratio. Among all the combination ratios, the 50:50 corn-soybean ratio was the optimum giving highest forage yield, protein content as well as protein yield.

/pdf/effect-of-intercropping-of-corn-and-soybean-on-dry-261x0b9esm.pdf

Effect of intercropping of corn and soybean on dry matteryield and nutritive value of forage corn

Cultivation of forage maize is increasing in Sweden. Sole maize is low in protein and supplementation of protein feed is needed. This study investigated whether forage maize and legumes can be intercropped in a system suitable for farmers (simultaneous sowing and harvest) under Swedish climate conditions, and whether intercropping maize and faba bean improves the forage quality compared with sole maize. Two field experiments were performed in which maize intercropped with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in alternate rows with 0 or 60 kg N/ha was compared with sole maize crop with 120 kg N/ha. Maize dry matter (DM) yield decreased by intercropping (from mean 14,171 kg DM/ha for sole maize to 8,888–10,791 kg DM/ha for intercropped maize). Mean yield of faba bean ranged from 2,907 to 2,966 kg DM/ha. Compared with sole maize, intercropped treatments slightly increased forage protein content (mean increase 10–15 g/kg DM). Furthermore, intercropping increased forage in vitro organic matter digestibility by 4 % units (from 80.8 to 84.7 %), while the starch concentration slightly decreased from 316 to 236–254 g/kg DM. Intercropping increased neutral detergent fibre concentration from 435 to 478–497 g/kg DM and the sugar concentration from 57.3 to 61.5–72.3 g/kg DM. The results showed that intercropping silage maize and faba beans is possible under Swedish climate conditions.

/pdf/intercropping-maize-and-faba-bean-for-silage-under-swedish-25cgnwjr3v.pdf

Intercropping Maize and Faba Bean for Silage Under Swedish Climate Conditions

The success of maize + soybean intercrop depends on the plant arrangement. An experiment was carried out to evaluate different row arrangements on intercrop forage yield, silage quality and maize grain yield in relation to maize as a sole crop. The experiment was set up with a randomized complete block design with eight row arrangements between maize and Soybean. Maize biomass yield among crop arrangements were similar, although, lower than the maize sole crop. On the other hand, these treatments showed higher soybean biomass yield, which in turn increased silage crude protein and crude protein yield per unit area. Maize thousand grain weight, grain yield per plant and per area was affected by the intercrop arrangements. The use of two corn rows + two soybean rows (2M+2S-30 cm) and four corn rows + four soybean rows (4M+4S-30 cm) showed higher crude protein yield per area associated with similar maize grain yield in relation to the sole maize crop. In conclusion, alternating four maize rows with four soybean rows was the optimum row ratio in maize + soybean intercrop, though this needs to be further confirmed by more trials.

https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jas/article/download/0/0/38103/38593

Row arrangements of maize and soybean intercrop on silage quality and grain yield.

Maize-soybean intercropping can increase forage quality with no detrimental effect on dry matter (DM) yield. The objective of this study was to compare corn-soybean intercrop in narrow strips with corn as monocrop in terms of DM yield and forage quality. This study was conducted in Matamoros, Coahuila (Mexico) in 2006 and 2007. Intercrops were established in rows spaced 0.50 m apart, evaluating alternate corn-soybean strips with one, two, three, and four rows per crop, and a treatment using an alternate twin-row planting pattern per crop, with a 1.0-m row-spacing. As control treatments, monocrops of corn in rows 0.76 m apart and soybean in rows 0.50 m apart were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with four replications was employed. Corn-soybean intercrop produced DM yields similar to those of monocropped corn due to higher corn yields in border rows adjacent to soybean. Crude protein (CP) yields per hectare in intercrop treatments were higher (27.5 to 42.8%) than those of monocropped corn, due to greater CP concentrations in intercrops (16 to 21 g kg ‐1 ). When soybean was harvested at the beginning maturity stage (R7), neutral detergent fiber concentration was reduced by 60 to 63 g kg ‐1 in corn-soybean intercropping compared to corn monocrop. Acid detergent fiber was not altered by intercropping. Results indicate that maize-soybean intercrop in narrow strips can provide forage quality advantages without affecting yield. Additional key words: chemical composition, dry matter and ear yields, dry matter partitioning, Glycine max, intraspecific competition, Zea mays.

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A. Palomo Gil

Papers

Forage yield and quality of intercropped corn and soybean in narrow strips

Response of four cotton cultivars to plant density. I. Yield and yield components.

Evaluation of transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties resistant to pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella S.) I. Yield.